Evaluation of Exposure Risk in the Weaving Process of MWCNT-Coated Yarn with Real-time Particle Concentration Measurements and Characterization of Dust Particles

Takaya, Mitsutoshi; Ono-Ogasawara, Mariko; Shinohara, Yasushi; Kubota, Hisayo; Tsuruoka, Shuji; Koda, Shigeki

doi:10.2486/indhealth.ms1312

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The task, however, was related to nanoscale particle release and was not observed by real-time aerosol monitors. In further research by Takaya et al (2012), micron-size particles containing MWCNTs were released into the air in a weaving process of MWCNT-coated yarn. The mass concentrations of total/respirable dust collected by personal sampling were 0.159/0.093 mg/m 3 (total/respirable).…”

Section: Workplace Handling Of Carbonaceous Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the modified IMPROVE protocol at each temperature stage, defined as OC1-OC4 and EC1-EC3, as shown in Table 1 (Ono-Ogasawara and . This protocol was adopted for the analysis of CNTs in the reports by Takaya et al (2010Takaya et al ( , 2012. Airborne particle samples on the quartz fiber filters in the impaction stages of a Sioutas cascade impactor (SCI; SKC Inc., Eighty Four, PA, USA) were observed by SEM.…”

Section: Analysis Of Airborne Carbonaceous Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Review; Risk Assessment of Aerosolized SWCNTs, MWCNTs, Fullerenes and Carbon Black

Myojo

Ono-Ogasawara

2018

KONA

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In this paper we review the risk assessment of carbonaceous nanomaterials, such as single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), fullerenes and carbon black, and summarize elemental carbon (EC) analyses for the determination of the those nanomaterials, focusing on the inhalation exposure of airborne nanomaterials. In the reports of hazard assessment, the proposed OELs (Occupational Exposure Limits) of MWCNTs and SWCNTs ranged from 1 to 50 μg/m 3 . The fullerenes and carbon black seem to be less toxic than the CNTs. In the reports of exposure assessment, the aerosol concentrations of MWCNTs and SWCNTs in work environments were from less than 0.1 to more than 100 μg/m 3 . The expected minimum concentration of airborne MWCNTs in the EC analyses was around 1 μg/m 3 , but the concentrations of EC in ambient particulate matters (APM) were more than 1 μg/m 3 in urban environments. The EC analysis introduced in this paper is a convenient method to quantify the carbonaceous nanomaterials in the samples, but size-classification of aerosol samples by cascade impactor and observation using electron microscopes are needed to confirm the characteristics of the nanomaterials.

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Section: Workplace Handling Of Carbonaceous Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Of Airborne Carbonaceous Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review; Risk Assessment of Aerosolized SWCNTs, MWCNTs, Fullerenes and Carbon Black

Myojo

Ono-Ogasawara

2018

KONA

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“…[18]. Zaobserwowano, że podczas procesu tkania na skutek działania sił mechanicznych mogą uwalniać się fragmenty zawierające MWCNT o rozmiarach mikrometrowych.…”

Section: Narażenie Zawodoweunclassified

Carbon nanotubes – Characteristic of the substance, biological effects and occupational exposure levels

Świdwińska-Gajewska

Czerczak

2017

Med Pr

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StreszczenieNanorurki węglowe (carbon nanotubes -CNT) są grupą nanoobiektów zróżnicowaną pod względem budowy, rozmiaru (długości i średnicy), kształtu oraz własności. Dzięki wielu interesującym właściwościom znajdują szerokie zastosowanie w różnych dziedzinach. Rosnące zainteresowanie tymi strukturami pociąga za sobą zwiększenie liczby osób pracujących w narażeniu na CNT. Ekspozycja zawodowa na nanorurki może występować zarówno w laboratoriach prowadzących nad nimi badania, jak i w zakładach produkujących CNT lub zawierające je nanokompozyty. Poziomy stężeń liczbowych CNT w pobliżu źródła ich emisji mogą sięgać wielkości rzędu 10 7 cząstek/cm 3 . Wartości te jednak znacznie się obniżają po zastosowaniu odpowiedniej wentylacji. Z badań na zwierzętach wynika, że główną drogą narażenia jest inhalacja. Nie ma dowodów na wchłanianie przez skórę. Nanorurki węglowe podawane drogą pokarmową w znacznym stopniu są wydalane z kałem. Nie opisano metabolizmu nanorurek węglowych. W badaniach inhalacyjnych na zwierzętach CNT wywoływały głównie stan zapalny, na skutek stresu oksydacyjnego, prowadząc przede wszystkim do zmian w płucach. U zwierząt narażanych drogą dermalną główny efekt to stres oksydacyjny wywołujący miejscowy stan zapalny. Najmniej objawów toksyczności zaobserwowano u zwierząt eksponowanych drogą pokarmową. Nanorurki węglowe nie indukowały mutacji w testach bakteryjnych, jednak działały genotoksycznie w wielu testach prowadzonych zarówno na komórkach in vitro, jak również u narażanych myszy in vivo. Działanie embriotoksyczne CNT zależy głównie od ich modyfikacji, natomiast rakotwórcze -od rozmiaru i sztywności. Zaproponowane przez światowych ekspertów wartości dopuszczalnych poziomów narażenia zawodowego dla CNT mieszczą się w przedziale 1-80 µg/m 3 . Różnorodność skutków działania CNT skłania do tego, żeby każdy rodzaj nanorurek był traktowany jak oddzielna substancja wymagająca osobnego szacowania normatywu higienicznego. Med. Pr. 2017;68(2):259-276 Słowa kluczowe: narażenie zawodowe, nanoobiekty, toksyczność, nanorurki węglowe, nanowłókna, narażenie inhalacyjne AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a diverse group of nano-objects in terms of structure, size (length, diameter), shape and characteristics. The growing interest in these structures is due to the increasing number of people working in exposure to CNTs. Occupational exposure to carbon nanotubes may occur in research laboratories, as well as in plants producing CNTs and their nanocomposites. Carbon nanotubes concentration at the emission source may reach 10 7 particles/cm 3 . These values, however, are considerably reduced after the application of adequate ventilation. Animal studies suggest that the main route of exposure is inhalation. Carbon nanotubes administered orally are largely excreted in the feces. In animals exposed by inhalation, CNTs caused mainly inflammation, as a result of oxidative stress, leading above all to changes in the lungs. The main effect of animal dermal exposure is oxidative stress causing local inflammation. In animals exp...

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“…Samples were analyzed by Sunset Laboratory Inc. (Tigard, OR) using NIOSH Method 5040 (NIOSH, 2003a). Thermal-optical speciation for the quantification of carbonaceous particles has been applied in several recent exposure assessments (Kuhlbusch et al, 2004;Kuhlbusch and Fissan, 2006;Methner et al, 2007;Ono-Ogasawara and Myojo, 2011;Birch et al, 2011;Dahm et al, 2012;Takaya et al, 2012;Hedmer et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2014;Dahm et al, 2015). The limit of detection (LOD) was assumed to be 0.09 µg EC per cm 2 of filter, the value reported by NIOSH (2013) for a given as-received 25 mm quartz filter media lot.…”

Section: Direct-reading Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of the studies which have been conducted were at research facilities where CNTs were produced (Maynard et al, 2004;Bello et al, 2008a;Tsai et al, 2009;Methner et al, 2010;Ogura et al, 2010) and handled ( Johnson et al, 2010;Methner et al, 2010;R'mili et al, 2010) and where advanced composites containing CNTs were produced (Cena and Peters, 2011;Fleury et al, 2013) or machined (Bello et al, 2008b). Additional studies have been conducted at industrial sites where CNTs or products utilizing CNTs were manufactured (Han et al, 2008;Lee et al, 2010Lee et al, , 2014Lee et al, , 2015Dahm et al, 2012Dahm et al, , 2015Wang et al, 2011;Methner et al, 2012;Takaya et al, 2012;Fonseca et al, 2014;Hedmer et al, 2014;Heitbrink et al, 2015;Ji et al, 2015). Only two studies have employed the recommended sampling and analytical method for quantifying the CNT REL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol Emission Monitoring and Assessment of Potential Exposure to Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes in the Manufacture of Polymer Nanocomposites

Thompson

Chen

Wang

et al. 2015

ANNHYG

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Recent animal studies have shown that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may pose a significant health risk to those exposed in the workplace. To further understand this potential risk, effort must be taken to measure the occupational exposure to CNTs. Results from an assessment of potential exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) conducted at an industrial facility where polymer nanocomposites were manufactured by an extrusion process are presented. Exposure to MWCNTs was quantified by the thermal-optical analysis for elemental carbon (EC) of respirable dust collected by personal sampling. All personal respirable samples collected (n = 8) had estimated 8-h time weighted average (TWA) EC concentrations below the limit of detection for the analysis which was about one-half of the recommended exposure limit for CNTs, 1 µg EC/m 3 as an 8-h TWA respirable mass concentration. Potential exposure sources were identified and characterized by direct-reading instruments and area sampling. Area samples analyzed for EC yielded quantifiable mass concentrations inside an enclosure where unbound MWCNTs were handled and near a pelletizer where nanocomposite was cut, while those analyzed by electron microscopy detected the presence of MWCNTs at six locations throughout the facility. Through size selective area sampling it was identified that the airborne MWCNTs present in the workplace were in the form of large agglomerates. This was confirmed by electron microscopy where most of the MWCNT structures observed were in the form of micrometer-sized ropey agglomerates. However, a small fraction of single, free MWCNTs was also observed. It was found that the high number concentrations of nanoparticles, ~200 000 particles/ cm 3 , present in the manufacturing facility were likely attributable to polymer fumes produced in the extrusion process.

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Evaluation of Exposure Risk in the Weaving Process of MWCNT-Coated Yarn with Real-time Particle Concentration Measurements and Characterization of Dust Particles

Cited by 28 publications

References 9 publications

Review; Risk Assessment of Aerosolized SWCNTs, MWCNTs, Fullerenes and Carbon Black

Review; Risk Assessment of Aerosolized SWCNTs, MWCNTs, Fullerenes and Carbon Black

Carbon nanotubes – Characteristic of the substance, biological effects and occupational exposure levels

Aerosol Emission Monitoring and Assessment of Potential Exposure to Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes in the Manufacture of Polymer Nanocomposites

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