Evaluation of Genetic Variations in Maize Seedlings Exposed to Electric Field Based on Protein and DNA Markers

Al-Huqail, Asma A.; Abdelhaliem, E.

doi:10.1155/2015/874906

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Following genotoxicity studies, protein profiling was performed as a vital parameter that can elucidate translational ramifications of environmental mutagens at the molecular level (Al-Huqail and Abdelhaliem, 2015; Dogan et al, 2016). DNA strand breaks and variations in DNA coding sequences cause divergence in primary conformation of proteins (Al-Huqail and Abdelhaliem, 2015). Such gene alterations resulting in altered protein expression can be best observed by SDS-PAGE, an established technique for the detection of alterations in protein profiles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malathion and dithane induce DNA damage in Vicia faba

et al. 2017

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The increasing use of pesticides such as malathion and dithane in agriculture causes environmental mutagenicity. However, their genotoxicity in edible crops is seldom assessed. In this study, the genotoxic potential of malathion and dithane was evaluated in the roots of Vicia faba L. All three concentrations (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2%) of malathion and dithane tested resulted in a significant decrease in root length and inhibited seed germination. Cytological observations showed that the mitotic frequency in the root meristematic cells decreased parallel to the increase in concentrations, and the increase in chromosome aberrations and micronuclei frequency was concentration dependent. Alkaline comet assay revealed significant onset of DNA damage at all tested concentrations. For the randomly amplified polymorphic (RAPD)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses, 10 random RAPD primers were found to produce 116 unique polymorphic RAPD band fragments of 223-3139 bp. Each primer generated 3-15 RAPD bands on an average. The percentage of polymorphic DNA fragments was higher in malathion-exposed plants than dithane ones. The changes in RAPD profiles included disappearance and/or appearance of DNA bands in malathion and dithane treatment. Hence, DNA damage observed by the cytogenetic endpoints and comet assay corroborated with RAPD-PCR analysis. A total of 15 new protein bands of molecular weight ranging 11.894-226.669 kDa were observed in roots of Vicia plants that were exposed to the pesticides. The number of new protein bands was higher in malathion-treated DNA samples than in dithane-treated ones. Based on the results, we conclude that the pesticides can alter genomic template stability and change protein profiles. Malathion was more genotoxic than dithane. Therefore, RAPD assays can be useful in determining genotoxicity of pesticides in V. faba and other crops along with other quantitative parameters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malathion and dithane induce DNA damage in Vicia faba

et al. 2017

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“…The electrophoretic banding pattern of proteins observed in the current study provides information concerning the regulatory systems of structural genes that control the biosynthetic pathways of proteins in response to genotoxic environmental stress (Abdelhaliem et al, 2013;Al-Huqail and Abdelhaliem, 2015). Studies using SDS-PAGE analysis have shown that qualitative and quantitative changes in electrophoretic protein banding patterns occur in wheat grains exposed to CO 2 and O 3 , on their own or in combination, compared to control samples under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Changes in the intensity of polypeptide bands may result from changes in the expression of regulatory genes or from gene mutations in the regulatory system, which modulate or increase the rate of transcription of a particular structural gene, as suggested by Abdelhaliem et al (2013) and Al-Huqail and Abdelhaliem (2015). The alterations observed in protein banding pattern induced by variable levels of oxidative stress produced by O 3 and CO 2 treatments reflects the transcriptional events, which may alter plant metabolism by modifying proteins and enhancing their susceptibility to "proteolytic degradation" leading to oxidative protein lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of protein and DNA damage induced by elevated carbon dioxide and ozone in Triticum aestivum L. using biomarker and comet assay

Abdelhaliem¹,

Al-Huqai²

2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. This study was designed to compare the genetic effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and ozone (O 3 ), alone or in combination, under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions on proteins and DNA of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), isozymes, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and comet assays were used. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed distinctive polymorphisms (100%) based on the number of polypeptide bands (169) with molecular weights ranging from 300.0 to 24.00 kDa, band intensity, appearance, and loss of bands when compared with control samples. Six isozymes, malate dehydrogenase, amylase, leucine-aminopeptidase, esterase, peroxidase, and catalase, generated 100% polymorphism values based on zymogram number, relative front, and optical intensities. RAPD revealed 276 DNA bands with a distinctive polymorphism value of 92.31% based on the number of amplified DNA products, ranging from 45 to 1100 bp, and band intensity. In the comet assay, the highest extent of nuclear DNA damage was observed as tail length 8.70 µm, tailed DNA 8.01%, and tail moment unit 34.18 in non-irrigated O 3 -treated wheat nuclei. These results show that O 3 -treatment alone induced high levels of oxidative protein and DNA damage in wheat plant, especially in a non-irrigation system. Interestingly, CO 2 in combination with O 3 could ameliorate the negative impact of O 3 -oxidative stress. This study shows that protein and DNA biomarkers, and the comet assay, could be used for the reliable estimation of genotoxicity following the exposure of economic crop plants to air pollutants.

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“…Differences in the polypeptide band sizes might be attributed to the occurrence of point mutations in the relevant genes, creating stop codons that lead to production of longer or shorter polypeptide chains 25 . The intensity of polypeptide bands varied among treated and untreated samples (as shown in the Supplementary File: Tables 1-S to 7-S) and this might be due to changes in the regulatory gene expression, which modulated the rate of transcription of a specific structural protein, an observation consolidated by other researchers 26 . The appearance of unique bands, as a result of CAS treatment, may be interpreted by the fragmentation of polypeptide bands due to gene replication following a frameshift mutation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Antifungal Caspofungin Sensitizes MRSA Isolates Towards Zabofloxacin, a Proteomic Study

Mohamed¹,

Zakaria²,

Edward³

2020

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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The incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) having an increased rate of fluoroquinolone resistance is currently noted in Egypt necessitating the implication of new strategies to restrain the rapid spread of this resistance. The approach of repurposing could present a solution to this problem. In the current study, the efficacy of the antifungal agent, caspofungin, in increasing the susceptibility of MRSA isolated from Alexandria Main University Hospital (AMUH) to a novel fluoroquinolone, zabofloxacin, was investigated. A percentage of 30.3% of tested isolates were found to be resistant to zabofloxacin. Upon treatment with subinhibitory concentration of caspofungin, these isolates had their zabofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration values decreased by a range varying from 2-to 32-fold. Proteomic approach was performed to provide insights into the involved mechanism of caspofungin sensitization. The profiles of cellular proteins generated by electrophoretic techniques varied between treated and untreated MRSA samples with polymorphism values ranging from 82.4 to 94.1%. Homology was detected between 1,3-beta-glucan synthase (the fungal target enzyme of caspofungin) and SdrM, a multidrug efflux pump in S. aureus. This homology was elaborated by immunoblotting analysis which showed downregulation of SdrM efflux pump proteins. The percentage of reduction in the SdrM proteins expression level varied from 18 to 61%. Caspofungin succeeded in sensitizing zabofloxacin-resistant MRSA clinical isolates by blocking the action of SdrM efflux pump and inhibiting its extrusion. Further research is urgently required to endorse the repositioning of caspofungin as an agent used in combination with zabofloxacin in the management of MRSA infections with higher efficiency.

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Evaluation of Genetic Variations in Maize Seedlings Exposed to Electric Field Based on Protein and DNA Markers

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Malathion and dithane induce DNA damage in Vicia faba

Malathion and dithane induce DNA damage in Vicia faba

Detection of protein and DNA damage induced by elevated carbon dioxide and ozone in Triticum aestivum L. using biomarker and comet assay

Antifungal Caspofungin Sensitizes MRSA Isolates Towards Zabofloxacin, a Proteomic Study

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