Evaluation of haematological and serum biochemical changes in <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> juveniles fed graded dietary levels of boiled sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i>) seed meal replacing soybean meal

Abstract

The effects of boiled sunflower seed meal (BSSM) on the haematological parameters and serum biochemical indices of Clarias gariepinus juveniles were investigated for fifteen weeks. Boiled sunflower seed meal was substituted for soybean meal (SBM) at 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% in formulating six isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. The formulated dietary treatments comprised 0% BSSM: 100% SBM, 20% BSSM: 80% SBM, 40% BSSM: 60% SBM, 60% BSSM: 40% SBM, 80% BSSM: 20% SBM and100% BSSM: 0% SBM respectively. Diets were fed twice daily, 07.00 -08.00 and 17.00 -18.00 hours, at 5% body weight to 360 C. gariepinus juveniles in eighteen rectangular tanks at the rate of 20 juveniles per tank in triplicate treatments. Blood samples collected from fish were analysed for haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Fish fed 40% gm/100ml), RBC (5.65 x 10 /mL) and WBC (6.33 to 6.57 x10 /mL). Fish fed 40% BSSM had the highest total protein (3.60 ± 0.0 g/100 mL) and globulin (2.57 g/100 mL) while those fed 100% BSSM had reduced protein (2.3 ± 0.0 g/100 mL) and globulin (1.40 g/100 mL). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) varied between 27.67-46.67 mg/dl and 31.67-72.00 mg/dl respectively and were statistically different (p < 0.05). Blood glucose varied between 51.33 and 84.00 mg/dl and fish fed above 20% BSSM inclusion had significant increase in blood glucose level except those fed at 100% BSSM inclusion. This study indicated that boiled sunflower seed meal could replace soybean meal up to 20% BSSM inclusion level in the diet of Clarias gariepinus without any deleterious effect on its blood parameters. Keywords:Clarias gariepinus, sunflower seed meal, soybean meal, haematology, serum biochemistry ABSTRACT 51

Determination of Biochemical Parameters and Growth Response of Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings Fed with Cirina forda Larvae and Telfaria occidentalis Leaves and their Proximate Composition.

“…Contrary opinion was reported by Ali et al (2021) who noted high cholesterol levels in the control. Decreased level of creatinine in the C. gariepinus presently studied was also observed by Adesina et al [5]. Higher levels of Protein in the body of fish examined revealed that high percentage diet inclusion produced necessary amount of protein to C. gariepinus.…”

“…Similar report was made by Yadav et al [19] and Ali et al [17] who observed increased albumin with increasing percentage of plant extract than the control and ascribed it to boosting of immune responses of fish by supplemented diets. Deviated observation was reported by Adesina et al [5]. Increase values of ALT and AST in the serum of C. gariepinus for this study could be ascribed to stress undergone as a result of additional levels of anti-nutrients even at high percentage of C. forda and T. occidentalis inclusion.…”

“…Higher levels of Protein in the body of fish examined revealed that high percentage diet inclusion produced necessary amount of protein to C. gariepinus. Contrary observation was reported by Yadav et al [19] and Adesina et al [5]. The increase level of Albumin in diets C and F given to the fish may be due to high percentage inclusion and beneficial ingredients in the diets.…”

“…Aquaculture can return to its greatest potential of supplying the national fish requirement of Nigeria if the high cost of fish meal is surmounted using locally available resources in order to reduce the overall cost of production. However, sustainable fish production and fish feed increment is inevitable in order to boost the protein source of Nigerian citizens especially during this period of highly cost of daily usable commodities Adesina et al [5]. Therefore, in order to achieve more economically sustainable, and viable fish feed production, this research work have been directed towards using Cirina forda and Telfaria occidentalis as part of feed inclusion for Clarias gariepinus for improved biochemical qualities and its growth response.…”

Nutraceutical Role of Honey and Garlic (Allium sativum) on Haematological and Plasma-Antioxidant Profile of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

“…"Because fish are closely associated with the aquatic environment, their blood will reveal measurable haematological changes faster than any other biochemical assessment parameter" [20]. The study of the haematological and antioxidant properties of farmed fish species is an important tool in the evaluation of the suitability of new and unconventional diets [21]. Thus, the use of prebiotics (immunomodulators) along with nutritional supplementation is a productive strategy to improve fish health, growth performance, and immunity to diseases [22,23].…”