“…On the contrary, there is substantial literature that supports the use of short-course format for medical and surgical primary education as well as continuing medical education (Morino et al, 1995;Keleher et al, 2005;Cheifetz and Phang, 2006;Patel et al, 2008;Scott et al, 2008;Devine et al, 2009;Bansal et al, 2012;Wilkins et al, 2015). There is objective and subjective knowledge retention and maintenance of skills at follow-up dates as long as 17 months (Keleher et al, 2005;Cheifetz and Phang, 2006;Scott et al, 2008;Devine et al, 2009;Bansal et al, 2012;Wilkins et al, 2015). There is evidence that maintenance of surgical skills requires continuing use of those skills garnered (Patel et al, 2008).…”