Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori infection and other risk factors in patients with benign peptic ulcer disease

Evaluation of Clinicopathological and Risk Factors for Nonma-lignant H. Pylori Associated Gastroduodenal Disorders in Iraqi Patients

“…Nonalcoholic Patients have 0.75 risk fold of H. pylori infection compared with alcoholics with significant difference (p < 0.05), without significant correlation between alcohol intake and H. pylori infection (p value = 0.056). This comes in line with [ 17 ], stated no correlation between H. pylori status and alcohol intake. In contrary others investigate the association between H. pylori and alcohol intake with conflicting results [ 34 ].…”

“…No correlation between NSAID intake and H. pylori infection (p value = 0.095). This comes in line with [ 17 ], stated that no correlation between H. pylori status and NSAID intake. Others reported a negative interaction between H. pylori and NSAID intake on duodenal ulcers suggesting that H. pylori reduces the development of these ulcers in NSAID users [ 32 , 33 ].…”

“…In the present study, The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 75.47% which was considered high compared with neighbours countries such as Saudi Arabia 49.8% [ 13 ]; Iran 34% [ 14 ] to 66.6% [ 15 ] while in India is 44.23% [ 16 ] to 93.3% [ 17 ]. The difference in H. pylori infection rate may be due to socio economic, demographic, cultural factors as well as healthier lifestyle differences among communities.…”

“…In the present study, there was significant differences between smokers infected with H. pylori and those with negative tests for H. pylori (p < 0.05), although there was no correlation between total H. pylori infection, H. pylori CagA + and smoking (p value = 0.764). Nonsmokers with positive H. pylori tests represent 47.17% of total patients which is higher than in Saudi Arabia [ 22 ] and less than that reported in India 92.85% [ 17 ]. In the present study smokers whether (mild, moderate or heavy) with positive H. pylori tests constitute 28.30% and 16.04% Cag A+ which is less than India 93.75% [ 17 ] and Saudi Arabia 57.9%.…”

“…Nonsmokers with positive H. pylori tests represent 47.17% of total patients which is higher than in Saudi Arabia [ 22 ] and less than that reported in India 92.85% [ 17 ]. In the present study smokers whether (mild, moderate or heavy) with positive H. pylori tests constitute 28.30% and 16.04% Cag A+ which is less than India 93.75% [ 17 ] and Saudi Arabia 57.9%. In this study, mild smokers have 18 fold risk to get H. pylori infection and 20.75% were positive for H. pylori , moderate smokers have 1.4 fold risk for H. pylori infection and 6.60% were H. pylori positive while heavy smokers have one fold risk and have 0.94% positive H. pylori .…”