Evaluation of IGF-1 levels in cats with transient and permanent diabetes mellitus

Alt, Nina; Kley, Saskia; Tschuor, F; Zapf, J.; Reusch, Claudia E

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2007.01.014

Cited by 15 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Insulin therapy is the most effective means to achieve glycemic control and to avoid life‐threatening complications in diabetic cats 2 . Interestingly, 41–84% of affected cats have been reported to maintain normoglycemia without exogenous insulin within weeks to months of beginning therapy 3–7 . The term diabetic remission or transient diabetes is used in cats when insulin administration can be withdrawn for at least 4 consecutive weeks and when, beside restoration of normal glucose concentrations, clinical signs of diabetes have disappeared 5 .…”

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Predictors of Clinical Remission in Cats with Diabetes Mellitus

Zini

Hafner

Osto

et al. 2010

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

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Background: Clinical remission is frequent in cats with well-controlled diabetes mellitus, but few studies explored predictors of this phenomenon.Hypothesis: Data retrieved from medical records at admission might be valuable to identify likelihood of remission and its duration in diabetic cats.Animals: Ninety cats with newly diagnosed diabetes, followed-up until death or remission. Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Data were collected from records at admission, including history, signalment, physical examination, haematology, and biochemical profile, and the occurrence and duration of remission, defined as normoglycemia without insulin for !4 weeks. Predictors of remission were studied with univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Factors associated with remission duration were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models.Results: Forty-five (50%) cats achieved remission, after a median time of 48 days (range: 8-216). By study end, median remission duration was 114 days (range: 30-3,370) in cats that died and 151 days (range: 28-1,180) in alive cats. Remission was more likely with higher age (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.04-1.46; P 5 .01) and less likely with increased serum cholesterol (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.11-0.87; P 5 .04). Remission was longer with higher body weight (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.42-0.99; P 5 .04) and shorter with higher blood glucose (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02; P 5 .02).Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Age, body weight, cholesterol, and glucose levels are suggested for prediction of remission or its duration in diabetic cats. Older cats developing diabetes may have a better outcome, possibly suggesting a slower disease progression.

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“…The reason why remission occurs in some cats is uncertain. Because feline β‐cells are very susceptible to the detrimental effects of excess glucose, 8 it is hypothesized that an adequate control of glycemia with insulin may reverse glucose toxicity in the endocrine pancreas 3–7 …”

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confidence: 99%

Predictors of Clinical Remission in Cats with Diabetes Mellitus

Zini

Hafner

Osto

et al. 2010

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

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“…The current classification scheme adapted from human medicine differentiates among type‐1 DM, provoked by immune‐mediated destruction of β‐cells, type‐2 DM characterized by inadequate insulin secretion and impaired insulin action, and other specific types of DM induced by medical conditions causing insulin resistance or destruction of pancreatic tissue 1 . The spontaneous form of DM in cats seems very similar to type‐2 DM in humans; obesity is strongly correlated with insulin resistance and remission of disease can often be achieved with insulin therapy 2–7 …”

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“…In veterinary medicine, diabetic remission has been reported in up to 50% of cats with DM 6,7 . One report mentions 5 stable diabetic cats with trace ketonuria which had remission from diabetes 5 .…”

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Remission of Diabetes Mellitus in Cats with Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Sieber-Ruckstuhl

Kley

Tschuor

et al. 2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has long been considered a key clinical feature of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in humans although. An increasing number of cases of ketoacidosis have been reported in people with type-2 DM.Hypothesis/Objectives: Cats initially diagnosed with DKA can achieve remission from diabetes. Cats with DKA and diabetic remission are more likely to have been administered glucocorticoids before diagnosis.Animals: Twelve cats with DKA and 7 cats with uncomplicated DM. Methods: Retrospective case review. Medical records of cats presenting with DKA or DM were evaluated. Diabetic remission was defined as being clinically unremarkable for at least 1 month after insulin withdrawal. The cats were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (1) cats with DKA and diabetic remission; (2) cats with DKA without diabetic remission; and (3) cats with DM and diabetic remission.Results: Seven cats with DKA had remission from diabetes. These cats had significantly higher concentrations of leukocytes and segmented neutrophils, and significantly lower concentrations of eosinophils in blood and had pancreatic disease more often than did cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission. With regard to pretreatment, 3/7 cats in group 1, 1/5 cats in group 2, and 1/7 cats in group 3 had been treated with glucocorticoids.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Remission of DM in cats presenting with DKA is possible. Cats with DKA and remission have more components of a stress leucogram, pancreatic disease, and seemed to be treated more often with glucocorticoids than cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission.

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“…13,16 In veterinary medicine, diabetic remission has been reported in up to 50% of cats with DM. 6,7 One report mentions 5 stable diabetic cats with trace ketonuria which had remission from diabetes. 5 To the best of our knowledge, however, diabetic remission in severely deteriorated ketoacidotic cats has not been reported.…”

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Remission of diabetes mellitus in cats with diabetic ketoacidosis

2009

Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery

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BACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has long been considered a key clinical feature of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in humans although. An increasing number of cases of ketoacidosis have been reported in people with type-2 DM. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: Cats initially diagnosed with DKA can achieve remission from diabetes. Cats with DKA and diabetic remission are more likely to have been administered glucocorticoids before diagnosis. ANIMALS: Twelve cats with DKA and 7 cats with uncomplicated DM. METHODS: Retrospective case review. Medical records of cats presenting with DKA or DM were evaluated. Diabetic remission was defined as being clinically unremarkable for at least 1 month after insulin withdrawal. The cats were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (1) cats with DKA and diabetic remission; (2) cats with DKA without diabetic remission; and (3) cats with DM and diabetic remission. RESULTS: Seven cats with DKA had remission from diabetes. These cats had significantly higher concentrations of leukocytes and segmented neutrophils, and significantly lower concentrations of eosinophils in blood and had pancreatic disease more often than did cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission. With regard to pretreatment, 3/7 cats in group 1, 1/5 cats in group 2, and 1/7 cats in group 3 had been treated with glucocorticoids. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Remission of DM in cats presenting with DKA is possible. Cats with DKA and remission have more components of a stress leucogram, pancreatic disease, and seemed to be treated more often with glucocorticoids than cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission. Remission of Diabetes Mellitus in Cats with Diabetic KetoacidosisN.S. Sieber-Ruckstuhl, S. Kley, F. Tschuor, E. Zini, S. Ohlerth, F.S. Boretti, and C.E. Reusch Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has long been considered a key clinical feature of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in humans although. An increasing number of cases of ketoacidosis have been reported in people with type-2 DM.Hypothesis/Objectives: Cats initially diagnosed with DKA can achieve remission from diabetes. Cats with DKA and diabetic remission are more likely to have been administered glucocorticoids before diagnosis.Animals: Twelve cats with DKA and 7 cats with uncomplicated DM. Methods: Retrospective case review. Medical records of cats presenting with DKA or DM were evaluated. Diabetic remission was defined as being clinically unremarkable for at least 1 month after insulin withdrawal. The cats were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (1) cats with DKA and diabetic remission; (2) cats with DKA without diabetic remission; and (3) cats with DM and diabetic remission.Results: Seven cats with DKA had remission from diabetes. These cats had significantly higher concentrations of leukocytes and segmented neutrophils, and significantly lower concentrations of eosinophils in blood and had pancreatic disease more often than did cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission. With regard to pretreatment, 3/7 cats in group 1, 1/5 cats in group...

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Evaluation of IGF-1 levels in cats with transient and permanent diabetes mellitus

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Predictors of Clinical Remission in Cats with Diabetes Mellitus

Predictors of Clinical Remission in Cats with Diabetes Mellitus

Remission of Diabetes Mellitus in Cats with Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Remission of diabetes mellitus in cats with diabetic ketoacidosis

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