Evaluation of Indigo carmine on hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury

Abstract

To evaluate the effects of treatment with Indigo Carmine (IC) on rat livers subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: The animals were subdivided into 4 groups: 1.SHAM group(SH)-saline; 2.SHAM group with IC-2mg/Kg(SHIC); 3.IR group-rats submitted to ischemia and reperfusion with saline(IR); 4.IR group with IC-2mg/Kg(IRIC). The IR protocol consists of liver exposure and administration of drug or saline intravenously, followed by 60 minutes of ischemia and 15 of reperfusion. Liver samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Results: State 3 of mitochondrial respiration showed a significant worsening of the IRIC group in relation to all others. State 4 showed a difference between IRIC and SHIC. The Respiratory Control Ratio showed statistical decrease in IR and IRIC versus Sham. The osmotic swelling showed significant difference between SHxIR; SHICxIRIC and SHxIRIC. There was a significant increase in ALT in the IRIC group in relation to all the others. Concerning the nitrate dosage, there was a decrease in the group treated with IC(IRxIRIC). There was no difference regarding the dosage of Malondialdehyde. Conclusion: IC was not able to protect mitochondria from IR injury and proved to be a potentiating agent, acting in synergy with the IR injury promoting damage to the hepatocyte membranes.

Effects of artichoke leaf extract on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury

“…Many factors such as anaerobic metabolism, oxidative stress and ROS secretion, mitochondrial damage, and cytokines play a role in regulating hepatic I/R processes 16 . Although many studies have been conducted on the application of agents with protective effects to prevent hepatic I/R injury in experimental studies, there are no studies evaluating the efficacy of ALE [17][18][19] .…”

Indigo Carmine: Between Necessity and Concern

“…73015 [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 31 ]. According to the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry), indigo carmine is also called 3,3′-dioxo-2,2′-bis-indolyden-5,5-disulfonic acid disodium salt [ 23 , 25 , 26 , 32 ].…”

Indigo Carmine: Between Necessity and Concern

“…[23][24][25][26][27][28]31]. According to the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry), indigo carmine is also called 3,3dioxo-2,2 -bis-indolyden-5,5-disulfonic acid disodium salt [23,25,26,32].…”