Evaluation of inspiratory pressure in children with enlarged tonsils and adenoids

Pires, Melissa Guerato; Francesco, Renata Cantisani Di; Grumach, Anete Sevciovic; Mello, João Ferreira de

doi:10.1016/s1808-8694(15)31263-5

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Another factor that might affect respiratory biomechanics is the lower respiratory effort required by mouth breathing, as well as the inhibition of the nasal afferent nerves, responsible for regulating lung capacity and lung volumes, resulting in poor use of the respiratory muscles and progressive muscle weakening. (8,21,22) We found reduced respiratory muscle strength in the MB group. In a study evaluating the thoracic perimeter of mouth breathing children, lower values were found in relation to the control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Respiração bucal e anteriorização da cabeça: efeitos na biomecânica respiratória e na capacidade de exercício em crianças

et al. 2011

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Objective: To evaluate submaximal exercise tolerance and respiratory muscle strength in relation to forward head posture (FHP) and respiratory mode in children, comparing mouth-breathing (MB) children with nasal-breathing (NB) children. Methods: This was a controlled, analytical cross-sectional study involving children in the 8-12 year age bracket with a clinical otorhinolaryngology diagnosis of MB, recruited between October of 2010 and January of 2011 from the Mouth Breather Clinic at the State University of Campinas Hospital de Clínicas, located in the city of Campinas, Brazil. The exclusion criteria were obesity, asthma, chronic respiratory diseases, heart disease, and neurological or orthopedic disorders. All of the participants underwent postural assessment and the six-minute walk test (6MWT), together with determination of MIP and MEP. Results: Of the 92 children in the study, 30 presented with MB and 62 presented with NB. In the MB group, the differences between those with moderate or severe FHP and those with normal head posture, in terms of the mean MIP, MEP and six-minute walk distance (6MWD), were not significant (p = 0.079, p = 0.622, and p = 0.957, respectively). In the NB group, the mean values of MIP and MEP were higher in the children with moderate FHP than in those with normal head posture (p = 0.003 and p = 0.004, respectively). The mean MIP, MEP, and 6MWD were lower in the MB group than in the NB group. Values of MIP and MEP were highest in the children with moderate FHP. Conclusions: Respiratory biomechanics and exercise capacity were negatively affected by MB. The presence of moderate FHP acted as a compensatory mechanism in order to improve respiratory muscle function.Keywords: Mouth breathing; Posture; Exercise tolerance; Respiratory mechanics. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar a tolerância ao exercício submáximo e a força muscular respiratória em relação à anteriorização da cabeça (AC) e ao tipo respiratório em crianças com respiração bucal (RB) ou nasal (RN). Métodos: Estudo analítico transversal com um grupo controle no qual foram incluídas crianças de 8 a 12 anos com diagnóstico clínico otorrinolaringológico de RB, recrutadas do Ambulatório do Respirador Bucal do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas (SP), entre outubro de 2010 e janeiro de 2011. Os critérios de exclusão foram obesidade, asma, doenças respiratórias crônicas, cardiopatias e distúrbios neurológicos ou ortopédicos. Todos os participantes foram submetidos a avaliação postural, teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6) e determinação de PImáx e PEmáx. Resultados: Das 92 crianças do estudo, 30 tinham RB e 62 tinham RN. No grupo RB, não houve diferenças nas médias de PImáx, PEmáx e distância percorrida pelo TC6 (DTC6) entre o grupo com AC classificada como grave ou moderada e aquele com AC normal (p = 0,622; p = 0,957; e p = 0,079, respectivamente). No grupo RN, as médias de PImáx e PEmáx foram maiores no grupo com AC moderada do que naquele com AC normal (p = 0,003 e p = 0,004, respectivamente). Os...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…(21,22) In cases that are more severe, this can be accompanied by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome or cor pulmonale. (18) According to another hypothesis, known as the one-airway hypothesis, the effect of CMB can extend to the lung region and interfere with the physiological response to exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiração bucal e anteriorização da cabeça: efeitos na biomecânica respiratória e na capacidade de exercício em crianças

et al. 2011

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“…Tonsils grade 0, 1 and 2 were considered as non-obstructive and those classified as grade 3 and 4 were named as obstructive [18].…”

Section: Ent Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of malocclusion among mouth breathing children: Do expectations meet reality?

Souki

Pimenta

Souki

et al. 2009

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

134

106

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“…In a previous paper we found that children with tonsil and adenoid enlargement present lower maximal inspiratory pressure when compared to a control group [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Adenotonsillectomy improves the strength of respiratory muscles in children with upper airway obstruction

Banzatto

Grumach

Mello

et al. 2010

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Evaluation of inspiratory pressure in children with enlarged tonsils and adenoids

Abstract: Enlarged tonsils and adenoids were associated with poor inspiratory pressure, resulting in increased breathing effort and work of the involved muscles.

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Respiração bucal e anteriorização da cabeça: efeitos na biomecânica respiratória e na capacidade de exercício em crianças

Respiração bucal e anteriorização da cabeça: efeitos na biomecânica respiratória e na capacidade de exercício em crianças

Prevalence of malocclusion among mouth breathing children: Do expectations meet reality?

Adenotonsillectomy improves the strength of respiratory muscles in children with upper airway obstruction

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