Evaluation of iohexol as a marker for the clinical measurement of glomerular filtration rate in dogs

Gleadhill, Allison; Michell, A.R.

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(96)90004-1

Cited by 44 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Plasma iohexol clearance (PCio): PCio was performed for all dogs as previously described to determine GFR [8,13,18]. The dosage of iohexol was 90 mg of iodine/kg for non-azotemic dogs and 45 mg of iodine/kg for azotemic dogs.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This protein is produced by all nucleated cells, and its production rate is constant [1]. Cys-C is freely filtrated by the glomerulus and is not secreted by the tubular cells [13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cys-C is reabsorbed by the tubule epithelial cells and is subsequently catabolized; thus, it does not return to the circulation [13,24]. For these reasons, the serum Cys-C concentration may be an alternative endogenous marker of the GFR.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of the Measurement of Serum Cystatin C by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Humans as a Marker of the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Dogs

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. The serum cystatin C (Cys-C) concentration is a better filtration marker than plasma creatinine (Cre) concentration in humans. In veterinary medicine, a few studies have shown that the serum Cys-C concentration in dogs is also a better marker than the plasma Cre concentration. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the applicability of measuring the serum Cys-C concentration by an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a marker of the glomerular filtration rate in dogs with various renal dysfunctions. The serum Cys-C concentration in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) was significantly higher (1.23  0.21 mg/L) than that in 76 control dogs (0.85  0.15) (P<0.001). The reference range of the serum Cys-C concentrations in samples from the 76 control dogs was 0.55-1.15 mg/l. Serum Cys-C concentration was more strongly correlated with plasma iohexol clearance (r=-0.704, P<0.001) than plasma Cre concentration in dogs (r=-0.598, P<0.001). In a receiver operating characteristics analysis, significant differences between the serum Cys-C and plasma Cre concentrations were found with regard to their AUC (0.949, [SE, 0.019] and 0.849 [SE, 0.029]) and diagnostic sensitivity (90.3% and 73.6%) for detecting decreased PCio (P<0.05). Therefore, the measurement of serum Cys-C concentration by ELISA is more useful for the detection of early CKD than measuring the plasma Cre concentration.KEY WORDS: chronic kidney disease, cystatin C, glomerular filtration rate.

show abstract

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This protein is produced by all nucleated cells, and its production rate is constant [1]. Cys-C is freely filtrated by the glomerulus and is not secreted by the tubular cells [13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of the Measurement of Serum Cystatin C by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Humans as a Marker of the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Dogs

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The plasma urea nitrogen (P-UN) and creatinine (P-Cre) concentrations are widely used as endogenous markers to evaluate renal function in dogs and cats because they can be easily, rapidly and cheaply measured. GFR is measured directly by urine or plasma clearance methods using inulin, creatinine or iohexol [7,14,15,20,21,33,34]. Although the urinary clearances of inulin and creatinine are considered to be the gold standards for measuring GFR in humans and animals, these methods are impractical in clinical settings because they require insertion of a bladder catheter, which is associated with a risk of developing a urinary tract infection or urethral injury; complete collection of a timed urine sample; and continuous infusion of the marker.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessments of Factors that Affect Glomerular Filtration Rate and Indirect Markers of Renal Function in Dogs and Cats

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Chronic kidney disease is one of the most common disorders in dogs and cats. The plasma urea nitrogen (P-UN) and creatinine (P-Cre) concentrations are not sufficiently sensitive for early diagnosis of renal dysfunction. Although urine and plasma clearance methods allow earlier detection of reductions in the GFR, it is difficult to estimate a mildly reduced GFR from the values obtained by these methods, as they are also affected by physiological factors, such as body weight (BW) and age. The present study is a retrospective survey designed to assess the factors that affect markers of kidney function and to revaluate the clinical utility of the markers, including P-UN, P-Cre and GFR determined by plasma iohexol clearance (PCio) in dogs and cats. The P-UN, P-Cre and PCio values in dogs and the P-Cre and PCio values in cats were significantly correlated with BW (P<0.001). PCio in smaller dogs (15.0 kg) was significantly and inversely correlated with age. In smaller dogs, increase of P-UN alone might warrant a suspicion of a decreased GFR, but in contrast, P-Cre may be inefficient for detecting renal dysfunction or determining the severity of CKD compared with that in larger dogs ( 15.1 kg). P-Cre in larger dogs correlated better with PCio than in smaller dogs, suggesting that P-Cre in larger dogs was a more sensitive marker of reduced GFR.KEY WORDS: body weight, plasma creatinine, plasma iohexol clearance, plasma urea nitrogen.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 72(9): 1129-1136, 2010 Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common disorders and is a common cause of death in dogs and cats. The prevalence of renal diseases has been reported to range from 0.5 to 7% in dogs and from 1.6 to 20% in cats [29,43]. Although CKD occurs in dogs and cats of all ages, the mortality of CKD commonly increases with age. In human and veterinary medicine, CKD is diagnosed by detecting chronic decreases in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or the presence of chronic renal damage [4,36]. GFR can be evaluated indirectly from the concentrations of plasma and urine markers, which are dependent on the amount eliminated by the kidneys. The plasma urea nitrogen (P-UN) and creatinine (P-Cre) concentrations are widely used as endogenous markers to evaluate renal function in dogs and cats because they can be easily, rapidly and cheaply measured. GFR is measured directly by urine or plasma clearance methods using inulin, creatinine or iohexol [7,14,15,20,21,33,34]. Although the urinary clearances of inulin and creatinine are considered to be the gold standards for measuring GFR in humans and animals, these methods are impractical in clinical settings because they require insertion of a bladder catheter, which is associated with a risk of developing a urinary tract infection or urethral injury; complete collection of a timed urine sample; and continuous infusion of the marker. The single injection technique can be used to determine plasma clearance from the elimination curve of a marker in plasma after a bolus injection. Plasma clearance ca...

show abstract

“…This method is easier to perform than the urinary clearance method because it does not involve the collection of urine samples and continuous infusion of the marker. Recently, plasma clearance tests for inulin, creatinine, iohexol, Chromium-ethylene diaminic tetraacetic acid ( 51 Cr-EDTA) have been developed to estimate GFR in dogs and cats [1,2,6,8,14,15,18,20,21,34]. Iohexol, a nonradioactive iodinated contrast media, is easy to use in the clinic and laboratory.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Single Sampling Method for Estimation of Plasma Iohexol Clearance in Dogs and Cats with Various Kidney Functions

Miyagawa

Takemura

Hirose

2010

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Plasma iohexol clearance (PCio) is a practical method for measuring the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in clinical settings. However, it is too time-consuming for routine application and requires hospitalization for at least half a day. Therefore, the development of a simpler procedure for plasma clearance is necessary to allow the frequent measurement of GFR in clinical settings. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a single sampling method for estimation of PCio in dogs and cats with various kidney functions. The PCio determined by the 1-compartment model using 3 samples (PCio 3samples ) was used as a reference for the evaluation of the single sampling method (PCio single ). Plasma iohexol concentration was determined by a cerium arsenite colorimetric method.

show abstract

Evaluation of iohexol as a marker for the clinical measurement of glomerular filtration rate in dogs

Cited by 44 publications

References 21 publications

Evaluation of the Measurement of Serum Cystatin C by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Humans as a Marker of the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Dogs

Evaluation of the Measurement of Serum Cystatin C by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Humans as a Marker of the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Dogs

Assessments of Factors that Affect Glomerular Filtration Rate and Indirect Markers of Renal Function in Dogs and Cats

Evaluation of a Single Sampling Method for Estimation of Plasma Iohexol Clearance in Dogs and Cats with Various Kidney Functions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About