Evaluation of larviposition site selection of Glossina brevipalpis

Renda, Samantha; Beer, Chantel J. de; Venter, Gert J.; Thekisoe, Oriel

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.11.012

Cited by 10 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These results are of primary interest because it suggests that the chemical compounds produced by larvae are not species-specific to the Palpalis and Morsitans groups but rather genus-specific or, at least, present some similarities in their chemical composition. However, these results contrast with a recent study of Renda et al (21), who showed that G. brevipalpis (Fusca group) also selected significantly trays conditioned with larvae but were able to discriminate between conspecific and heterospecific conditioned trays ( G. austeni larvae, Morsitans group). From a phylogenetic point of view (25), species used by Renda et al (21) are more distant than those used in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…However, these results contrast with a recent study of Renda et al (21), who showed that G. brevipalpis (Fusca group) also selected significantly trays conditioned with larvae but were able to discriminate between conspecific and heterospecific conditioned trays ( G. austeni larvae, Morsitans group). From a phylogenetic point of view (25), species used by Renda et al (21) are more distant than those used in the present study. Therefore, it could be suggested that distant species may present more differences in the composition of their aggregation pheromones than closer ones, leading to a better discrimination.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…appropriate larviposition site in both cases). Moreover, as suggested by Renda et al (21), a density-dependent factor may also lead females to larviposit in the second best option. If that is the case, it may have hidden a species-specific choice in our study and also could explain field observations of several pupae species found at the same breeding site (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Nevertheless, there is renewed interest in this behaviour and the use of semiochemicals as attractant for traps or repellent (19,20). Recently, Renda et al (21) studied the effects of pH, salinity and presence of tsetse pupae in Glossina brevipalpis (Fusca group) on larviposition site selection. They showed no effect of pH and salinity, but they observed a larval aggregation effect probably mediated by intra and interspecific chemical cues of larval origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Larviposition site selection mediated by volatile semiochemicals of larval origin in Glossina palpalis gambiensis

Gimonneau

Ouedraogo

Salou

et al. 2019

Preprint

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26 2 27 Abstract 28 Tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) are the cyclical vectors of trypanosomes, the causative 29 agents of African animal trypanosomosis or nagana in animals and human African30 trypanosomosis or sleeping sickness in humans. Tsetse flies are K-strategist species with the 31 deposition of a single larva at 10 days intervals in specific sites. As larviposition site selection 32 will strongly impact reproductive success, it is obvious that the selection of larviposition sites 33 is not random and is under strong selective processes, probably mediated by specific cues as 34 suggested by the existence of an aggregation factor in the Morsitans and Fusca groups. This 35 study aimed to highlight the existence of an aggregation effect in the Palpalis group and to 36 test for its chemical nature. We studied the larviposition site selection of Glossina palpalis 37 gambiensis according to the presence of conspecific and heterospecific larvae buried in 38 substrates in different settings. Three sets of experiments were performed with either 39 individual or grouped (n = 50) gravid females, and with physical access to substrate or not. 40 In both individual and grouped larviposition experiments, females selected significantly more 41 often trays conditioned by larvae (P<0.005), either conspecific or heterospecific even in the 42 absence of physical contact with the substrate. These results highlight the first evidence for 43 larviposition site selection mediated by volatile semiochemicals of larval origin in Glossina 44 palpalis gambiensis. However, these compounds seem not to be species-specific and 45 therefore offer new avenues for the behavioural manipulation of these vectors and for the 46 development of new vector control tools targeting gravid females.47 48 Keywords: tsetse, aggregation, Human and African animal trypanosomosis, reproduction, 49 behaviour 50 3 51 Author summary 52 Larviposition site selection in tsetse flies is govern by several biotic and abiotic factors that 53 lead to an aggregation effect of larvae. Among those, larvae are suspected to produce 54 chemicals that drive females to breeding site but little information is available. This study 55 aimed to highlight the existence of an aggregation effect of larval origin in the Palpalis group 56 and to test for its chemical nature. Through behavioural larviposition choice experiments, we 57 showed that females of Glossina palpalis gambiensis deposit their larvae significantly more 58 often in trays conditioned either by conspecific or heterospecific larvae, even in the absence 59 of physical contact with the substrate. These results highlight the first evidence for 60 aggregation effect in Glossina palpalis gambiensis mediated by volatile semiochemicals of 61 larval origin. Isolation and identification of these chemicals should offer new avenues for the 62 behavioural manipulation of these vectors and for the development of new vector control 63 tools targeting gravid females. 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Larviposition site selection mediated by volatile semiochemicals of larval origin in Glossina palpalis gambiensis

Gimonneau

Ouedraogo

Salou

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Inspection of the work cited shows, however, that it makes no mention of pheromones of any sort. Laboratory evidence for such a pheromone has indeed been published (36)(37)(38) but no such chemical has ever been shown to produce aggregation of pupae in the field.…”

Section: Other Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent negative density-dependent dispersal in tsetse (Glossinaspp) is an artefact of inappropriate analysis

Hargrove

Sickle

Vale

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Analysis of genetic material from field-collected tsetse (Glossina spp) in ten study areas has been used to predict that the distance (δ) dispersed per generation increases as effective population densities (De) decrease, displaying negative density dependent dispersal (NDDD). This result is an artefact arising primarily from errors in estimates of S, the area occupied by a subpopulation, and thereby in De, the effective subpopulation density. The fundamental, dangerously misleading, error lies in the assumption that S can be estimated as the area (Ŝ) regarded as being covered by traps. Errors in the estimates of δ are magnified because variation in estimates of S is greater than for all other variables measured, and accounts for the greatest proportion of variation in δ. The errors result in anomalously high correlations between δ and S, and the appearance of NDDD, with a slope of −0.5 for the regressions of log(δ) on log(e), even in simulations where dispersal has been set as density independent. A complementary mathematical analysis confirms these findings. Improved error estimates for the crucial parameter b, the rate of increase in genetic distance with increasing geographic separation, suggest that three of the study areas should have been excluded because b is not significantly greater than zero. Errors in census population estimates result from a fundamental misunderstanding of the relationship between trap placement and expected tsetse catch. These errors are exacerbated through failure to adjust for variations in trapping intensity, trap performance, and in capture probabilities between geographical situations and between tsetse species. Claims of support in the literature for NDDD are spurious. There is no suggested explanation for how NDDD might have evolved. We reject the NDDD hypothesis and caution that the idea should not be allowed to influence policy on tsetse and trypanosomiasis control.Author summaryGenetic analysis of field-sampled tsetse (Glossina spp) has been used to suggest that, as tsetse population densities decrease, rates of dispersal increase – displaying negative density dependent dispersal (NDDD). It is further suggested that NDDD might apply to all tsetse species and that, consequently, tsetse control operations might unleash enhanced invasion of areas cleared of tsetse, prejudicing the long-term success of control campaigns. We demonstrate that NDDD in tsetse is an artefact consequent on multiple errors of analysis and interpretation. The most serious of these errors stems from a fundamental misunderstanding of the way in which traps sample tsetse, resulting in huge errors in estimates of the areas sampled by the traps, and occupied by the subpopulations being sampled. Errors in census population estimates are made worse through failure to adjust for variations in trapping intensity, trap performance, and in capture probabilities between geographical situations, and between tsetse species. The errors result in the appearance of NDDD, even in modelling situations where rates of dispersal are expressly assumed independent of population density. We reject the NDDD hypothesis and caution that the idea should not be allowed to influence policy on tsetse and trypanosomiasis control.

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Identification of Semiochemical Candidates Involved in Glossina Palpalis Gambiensis Larviposition Site Selection and Behavioural Responses of Adult Gravid Females

Gimonneau,

Buatois,

Lapeyre

et al. 2024

J Chem Ecol

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Tsetse ies (Diptera: Glossinidae) are the cyclical vectors of human and animal trypanosomes. This viviparous insect develops and produces a single larva at 10-day intervals deposited in speci c sites. In some species aggregation of larvae has been shown and seems to be mediated by both physical factors and volatile semiochemicals of larval origin. In this context, this study aims to identify chemicals emitted during the pupariation process in Glossina palpalis gambiensis. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) emitted by larvae were identi ed using static headspace solid-phase microextraction and gaschromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Electrophysiology and behavioural assays were performed on gravid females to con rm VOCs behavioural activity and attractiveness. GC-MS results revealed ten chemicals emitted during the pupariation process of G. p. gambiensis larvae. Among these chemicals, gravid females were shown to detect nine of them during coupled gas chromatographyelectroantennographic detection tests. Behavioural assays highlighted two compounds were as attractive as pupae and one compound and a blend of four compounds were more attractive than pupae. Although the larval origin of some of them needs to be con rmed as they may also likely produced by micro-organisms, these compounds induced signi cant behavioural responses in the laboratory. Further experiments have to explore the biological activity and competitiveness of these compounds in the eld. This work opens interesting opportunities for behavioural manipulation and control of tsetse ies.

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Evaluation of larviposition site selection of Glossina brevipalpis

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Larviposition site selection mediated by volatile semiochemicals of larval origin in Glossina palpalis gambiensis

Larviposition site selection mediated by volatile semiochemicals of larval origin in Glossina palpalis gambiensis

Apparent negative density-dependent dispersal in tsetse (Glossinaspp) is an artefact of inappropriate analysis

Identification of Semiochemical Candidates Involved in Glossina Palpalis Gambiensis Larviposition Site Selection and Behavioural Responses of Adult Gravid Females

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