Evaluation of Laser Effects on the Human Body After Laser Therapy

Abstract

Lasers have wide applications in the treatment and diagnosis of diseases and various medical fields. Laser therapy like the other methods has advantages and disadvantages. Some risks such as bleeding, pain, and infection are created after laser therapy. Explanation and evaluation of laser effects on cell function, tissue, and the body are the aims of this study. We reviewed papers available from 1986 to 2019 about the effects of lasers on cells and tissue. An online search of PubMed, Science Direct and Google scholar using such keywords as "laser", "cell", "tissue", "body" and "side effects" was performed. The laser photons are absorbed by chromophores, resulting in the target heating and localized damage. Laser irradiation alters cellular metabolism and cellular functions. These alterations may be accompanied by undesired side effects which can be monitored via metabolites level change in the body. Based on this finding, laser therapy may be associated with several side effects and complications; therefore, before treatment, the determination of laser types and their properties is necessary to avoid creating side effects. The advantages and disadvantages of the treatment type should be considered in order to choose the best treatment with the least side effects. The patients’ awareness of possible side effects before treatment and also an effective follow-up and management of patients after action are two important points in laser therapy. Training curriculum definition should be determined for laser applicant qualifications in different medical fields.

Efficacy of class IV laser in the management of musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review

“…For ex ample, water molecules are long wavelength absorbers, and haemoglobin and melanin are short wavelength absorbers. The absorption of radiation increases the atomic and mo lecular kinetic energy, generating biological effects [15][16][17][18][19]. Therapeutic laser radiation is commonly produced from gas eous mixtures of HeNe (wavelength: 632.8 nm) or semicon ductor diodes of AsGa or AsAlGa (wavelength: 630-950 nm) [15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Assessment of the Microbiome Role in Skin Protection Against UV Irradiation Via Network Analysis

“…13,14 Gene ontology assessment is also a suitable method for finding the characteristics of the studied genes, such as the biological processes and biochemical pathways in which the genes are involved. 15 In the present study, the Differential expressed genes (DEGs) after UV irradiation in the mouse skin in the absence and presence of the microbiome are analyzed via network analysis to find the possible positive role of the microbiome in the skin protection against UV irradiation.…”

Assessment of Effects of Laser Light Combining Three Wavelengths (450, 520 and 640 nm) on Temperature Increase and Depth of Tissue Lesions in an Ex Vivo Study

“…They are mainly used in soft tissue surgery for cutting and cauterization [ 1 , 2 ]. They are also used in biostimulation and photodynamic therapy [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Their usefulness stems from their small size, low cost of operation and the use of flexible optical fibres, which have a positive impact on work comfort.…”

“…Laser beams can selectively affect chromophores found in tissues, as they absorb electromagnetic waves with predilection to their specific length [ 6 ]. In the visible range (400–700 nm), the absorption in the tissue is dominated by hemoglobin (with peaks in the blue and yellow region) and by melanin (decreasing monotonically towards longer wavelengths) [ 5 , 8 ]. The above properties are used to select the right laser device for given clinical needs.…”