Evaluation of Loess Collapsibility Based on Random Field Theory in Xi’an, China

Abstract

The engineering properties of collapsible loess have significant uncertainty. Accurate prediction of collapsible deformation is crucial for the safety of engineering construction in loess areas. Taking the typical collapsible loess stratum as the research object in Xi’an, based on the random field theory, combined with the Monte Carlo strategy and modulus reduction method, the stochastic finite element analysis of loess self-weight collapsibility is carried out to study the influence of the spatial variability of compression modulus on the self-weight collapsibility of loess. The results show that the loess tends to be stratified and average along the depth direction with the increase of transverse correlation distance. The random field result of self-weight collapsibility considering the spatial variability of compression modulus is significantly greater than the deterministic result of layered average and the calculated value of loess code. Considering the low compression modulus dominance effect of compression modulus with positive skewed distribution of random field, the equivalent characteristic value of the compression modulus calculated by the layered average modeling for the collapsibility evaluation of typical loess strata in Xi'an area is proposed.

Collapsible characteristics and prediction model of remodeled loess

“…Statistics (Zhang et al 2022), data mining (Li et al 2021), and machine learning (Sahand et al 2023) were also utilized to analyze the relationship between loess collapsible deformation and various factors, and to develop prediction models for loess collapsibility coefficient, which were important for understanding and predicting loess collapsible behaviors. Most existing prediction models (Li et al 2023;Hosseinpour-Zarnaq et al 2023;Anton Konurin Natural Hazards et al 2023) require extensive sample data for support.…”

Numerical analysis of ground surface settlement induced by shield tunnelling considering the soil parameter spatial variability in loess strata

“…Loess is a natural geomaterial that likely formed millions of years ago through complex eolian sedimentation processes. Owing to the intricate geological and geo-environmental processes involved, as well as various influencing factors, such as mineral composition variations and stress history (Phoon and Kulhawy 1999;Shi and Wang 2022;Wang et al 2019), loess properties generally exhibit inherent spatial variability within specific sites, particularly in the vertical direction (Luo et al 2021;Xu et al 2023;Zhang et al 2022c).…”

Reinforcement Mechanism and Erosion Resistance of Loess Slope Using Enzyme Induced Calcite Precipitation Technique

“…For instance, in July 2003, a loess landslide occurred in Zigui County, Hubei Province, with a total volume of 1.542 × 10 4 m 3 , resulting in 14 deaths and the blockage of Qinggan river [8]. Another example is the loess landslide caused by concentrated rainstorms in Bailuyuan, Shanxi Province, in September 2011, leading to 32 deaths and 5 missing people [9]. A series of traditional treatment measures, such as supporting structure, ecological intervention, and cement grouting, is widely used in loess slope engineering to alleviate the instability of slopes [10][11][12].…”