Evaluation of mortality and cancer incidence among alachlor manufacturing workers.

Acquavella, John F.; Riordan, Susan G.; Anne, Margaret; Lynch, Charles F.; Collins, James J.; Ireland, Belinda; Heydens, William F.

doi:10.1289/ehp.96104728

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Burns (2005) studied cancer rates among manufacturing workers and applicators and found that cancer risk was not increased among these groups. Of the studies reviewed by Burns that reported results for prostate cancer, none observed a statistically significant increase in risk (Axelson et al, 1980;Ott et al, 1980;Wong et al, 1984;Swaen et al, 1992;Bas Bueno de Mesquita et al, 1993;Acquavella et al, 1996;Helgesen et al, 1996;Sathiakumar et al, 1996;Kogevinas et al, 1997;Zahm, 1997;Lynge, 1998;Burns et al, 2001;MacLennan et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pesticides and prostate cancer: a review of epidemiologic studies with specific agricultural exposure information

Mink

Adami²,

Trichopoulos

et al. 2008

European Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in US men, and the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among men worldwide. Although pesticides have been implicated in studies of prostate cancer among farmers, meta-analyses have found heterogeneity across studies, and a number of exposures and lifestyle factors may be unique to farmers. The purpose of this paper is to review the epidemiologic literature to evaluate the hypothesis that agricultural exposure to pesticides is causally associated with prostate cancer risk. We analyzed the eight cohort studies and five case-control studies that quantified and/or evaluated agricultural exposure to particular pesticide classes or chemicals. Despite sporadic positive findings, these studies did not show consistently increased risks to support a causal association between agricultural pesticide use and prostate cancer. Studies using an 'external' comparison group must be interpreted in the context of confounding by differences in prostate-specific antigen screening intensity. Furthermore, most studies did not adjust for potential confounders other than age and time period. It is clearly not possible to exonerate any particular pesticide as a putative cause of prostate cancer - to do so would require an inverse empirical association with an upper confidence limit below the null value. Existing evidence does not point to any pesticide as satisfying widely used guidelines for establishing causation: a strong, exposure-dependent and demonstrably unconfounded, unbiased association, documented in several studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pesticides and prostate cancer: a review of epidemiologic studies with specific agricultural exposure information

Mink

Adami²,

Trichopoulos

et al. 2008

European Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…22,23,[25][26][27] However, these previous studies from pesticide manufacturing workers were based on few colorectal cancer cases. Our previous study from the Agricultural Health Study cohort 52 also did not support any significant association between alachlor exposure and colorectal cancer risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 Elevated colorectal cancer risks have been observed in American cohorts of manufacturing workers exposed to the herbicide alachlor. [25][26][27] A study from Egypt reported that colorectal cancer patients had higher serum organochlorines levels than controls. 28 Other studies of farmers 29,30 and pesticide manufacturers, [31][32][33] however, did not show any excess risk of colorectal cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pesticide use and colorectal cancer risk in the agricultural health study

Lee

Sandler

Blair

et al. 2007

Intl Journal of Cancer

121

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We investigated the relationship between agricultural pesticides and colorectal cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study. A total of 56,813 pesticide applicators with no prior history of colorectal cancer were included in this analysis. Detailed pesticide exposure and other information were obtained from self-administered questionnaires completed at the time of enrollment (1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997). Cancer incidence was determined through populationbased cancer registries from enrollment through December 31, 2002. A total of 305 incident colorectal cancers (212 colon, 93 rectum) were diagnosed during the study period, 1993-2002. Although most of the 50 pesticides studied were not associated with colorectal cancer risk, chlorpyrifos use showed significant exposure response trend (p for trend 5 0.008) for rectal cancer, rising to a 2.7-fold (95% confidence interval: 1.2-6.4) increased risk in the highest exposure category. Aldicarb was associated with a significantly increased risk of colon cancer (p for trend 5 0.001), based on a small number of exposed cases, with the highest exposure category resulting in a 4.1-fold increased risk (95% confidence interval: 1.3-12.8). In contrast, dichlorophenoxyacetic acid showed a significant inverse association with colon cancer but the association was not monotonic. Our findings should be interpreted cautiously since the literature suggesting that pesticides are related to colorectal cancer is limited. Nonetheless the possibility of an association between exposure to certain pesticides and incidence of colorectal cancer among pesticide applicators deserves further evaluation. ' 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…Lymphohematopoietic tumors were increased in one of these studies relative to expected values in the Iowa population (SIR = 3.6; 95% CI, 1.2-8.5) (Leet et al 1996); however, this estimate was based on only five exposed cases, and potential confounding factors were not included in the analyses. Two or fewer lymphohematopoietic cancer cases were available in studies conducted by Acquavella et al (1996Acquavella et al ( , 2004, and in general, none of the three studies of alachlor manufacturing workers provides strong evidence of an important relationship between alachlor and cancer. Studies of carbaryl and melanoma have not been conducted outside the AHS cohort, but Zheng et al (2001) reported an association between small-cell lymphoma among participants exposed to carbaryl in a pooled analysis of three case-control studies in the United States (Cantor et al 1992;Hoar et al 1986;Zahm et al 1990).…”

Section: Pesticidementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of pesticide exposure and cancer incidence in the agricultural health study cohort

Weichenthal¹,

Moase²,

Chan³

2012

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

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Revisão sobre a exposição aos pesticidas e a incidência de câncer em estudo de coorte da saúde dos agricultoresResumo Nós revisamos evidências epidemioló-gicas relacionadas à exposição ocupacional a pesticidas e à incidência de câncer no Estudo da Saú-de Agrícola (AHS). Descobertas relacionadas com a vida-dia e / ou intensidade do tempo de vidadia do uso de agrotóxicos são o foco principal desta revisão, porque estas medidas permitem a avaliação do potencial das relações de exposição-resposta. A maioria dos 32 pesticidas examinados não foram fortemente associados à incidência de cân-cer em aplicadores de pesticidas. Um aumento da taxa e padrões de resposta-exposição positivos foram reportados em 12 pesticidas registrados atualmente nos Estados Unidos e Canadá. A classificação de exposição incorreta também é uma preocupação para o AHS e pode limitar a análise dos padrões de resposta-exposição. É necessário um acompanhamento contínuo para clarificar as associações reportadas até hoje. Em particular, é necessária uma avaliação mais profunda dos pesticidas registrados. Palavras-chave Estudo de saúde agrícola, Cân-cer, Pesticidas, Revisão Abstract We reviewed epidemiologic evidence related to occupational pesticide exposures and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) cohort. Studies were identified from the AHS publication list available on a Medline/ PubMed database search in March 2009. Findings related to lifetime-days and/or intensityweighted lifetime-days of pesticide use are the primary focus of this review, because these measures allow for the evaluation of potential exposure-response relationships. Most of the 32 pesticides examined were not strongly associated with cancer incidence in pesticide applicators. Increased rate ratios and positive exposure-response patterns were reported for 12 pesticides currently registered in Canada and/or the United States. Exposure misclassification is also a concern in the AHS and may limit the analysis of exposureresponse patterns. Epidemiologic evidence outside the AHS remains limited with respect to most of the observed associations, but animal toxicity data support the biological plausibility of relationships observed six pesticides. Continued follow-up is needed to clarify associations reported to date. In particular, further evaluation of registered pesticides is warranted.

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Evaluation of mortality and cancer incidence among alachlor manufacturing workers.

Cited by 33 publications

References 3 publications

Pesticides and prostate cancer: a review of epidemiologic studies with specific agricultural exposure information

Pesticides and prostate cancer: a review of epidemiologic studies with specific agricultural exposure information

Pesticide use and colorectal cancer risk in the agricultural health study

A review of pesticide exposure and cancer incidence in the agricultural health study cohort

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