Evaluation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Inactivated Vaccine in Pigs under Field Conditions.

Okada, Mizue; Sakano, Tetsuya; Senna, Kazuhiro; Midorikawa, Takashi; Murofushi, Junichi; Okonogi, Hiroshi; Sato, Shizuo

doi:10.1292/jvms.61.1131

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…It was surprising that no difference was found between lung lesions and ADG, since this correlation has been observed in several studies e.g. [8-10], although missing in another [11]. The lack of correlation between lung lesions and growth rate, together with the low ADG seen in the study, could be explained by the fact that a batch of pigs was weighed when the first pig within the batch reached slaughter weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

A field evaluation of two vaccines against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs

et al. 2014

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BackgroundA field trial was carried out with two Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines in order to investigate the benefit of vaccination under field conditions in modern Danish pig production facilities with pigs being positive for M. hyopneumoniae. The M. hyopneumoniae infection of the herd was confirmed through blood samples that were positive for antibodies against M. hyopneumoniae combined with gross lesions of the lungs related to M. hyopneumoniae at slaughter and detection of M. hyopneumoniae by polymerace chain reaction in these lesions.ResultsA total of 2,256 pigs from two herds were randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 received 2 mL ThoroVAX®VET, Group 2 received 1 mL Ingelvac®MycoFLEX, and Group 3 was a non-vaccinated control group. The vaccination was performed by a person who was not involved in the rest of the trial and vaccination status thereby blinded to the evaluators.The prevalence of lung lesions related to M. hyopneumoniae were significantly lower for pigs vaccinated with ThoroVAX®VET but not for pigs vaccinated with Ingelvac®MycoFLEX®, when compared to non-vaccinated pigs. There was no significant effect of vaccination on growth rate, antibiotic consumption or mortality.ConclusionThis trial demonstrated that vaccination with Thoro®VAX VET was effective in reducing the prevalence of lung lesion in pig units infected with M. hyopneumoniae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

A field evaluation of two vaccines against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs

et al. 2014

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“…Current mycoplasma vaccines are generally either live or inactivated preparations of whole organisms (10,23,29,34). There has been little success with subunit vaccines or recombinant proteins (35), and this is especially true for CBPP, for which the only Office International des Epizootes-recommended vaccines are freeze-dried live formulations (strain T 1 44 or its streptomycin-resistant derivative T 1 SR).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phage Library Screening for the Rapid Identification and In Vivo Testing of Candidate Genes for a DNA Vaccine against Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony Biotype

et al. 2006

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A new strategy for rapidly selecting and testing genetic vaccines has been developed, in which a whole genome library is cloned into a bacteriophage ZAP Express vector which contains both prokaryotic (P lac ) and eukaryotic (P CMV ) promoters upstream of the insertion site. The phage library is plated on Escherichia coli cells, immunoblotted, and probed with hyperimmune and/or convalescent-phase antiserum to rapidly identify vaccine candidates. These are then plaque purified and grown as liquid lysates, and whole bacteriophage particles are then used directly to immunize the host, following which P CMV -driven expression of the candidate vaccine gene occurs. In the example given here, a semirandom genome library of the bovine pathogen Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) biotype was cloned into ZAP Express, and two strongly immunodominant clones, -A8 and -B1, were identified and subsequently tested for vaccine potential against M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC biotype-induced mycoplasmemia. Sequencing and immunoblotting indicated that clone -A8 expressed an isopropyl-␤-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG)-inducible M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC biotype protein with a 28-kDa apparent molecular mass, identified as a previously uncharacterized putative lipoprotein (MSC_0397). Clone -B1 contained several full-length genes from the M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC biotype pyruvate dehydrogenase region, and two IPTG-independent polypeptides, of 29 kDa and 57 kDa, were identified on immunoblots. Following vaccination, significant anti-M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC biotype responses were observed in mice vaccinated with clones -A8 and -B1. A significant stimulation index was observed following incubation of splenocytes from mice vaccinated with clone -A8 with whole live M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC biotype cells, indicating cellular proliferation. After challenge, mice vaccinated with clone -A8 also exhibited a reduced level of mycoplasmemia compared to controls, suggesting that the MSC_0397 lipoprotein has a protective effect in the mouse model when delivered as a bacteriophage DNA vaccine. Bacteriophage-mediated immunoscreening using an appropriate vector system offers a rapid and simple technique for the identification and immediate testing of putative candidate vaccines from a variety of pathogens.Whole bacteriophage (phage) particles have recently been described as highly efficient DNA vaccine delivery vehicles (6,7,17,20), inducing significant antibody responses in both laboratory mice (7) and larger animals such as rabbits (20) and sheep (33). Bacteriophages are viruses of bacteria and are metabolically inert, requiring the host bacterium for growth and propagation. Using standard "naked" DNA vaccination, purified genetic material in the form of a plasmid encoding protective antigens is given to the host and used to stimulate an immune response and give protection against pathogens (37,42). With bacteriophage genetic immunization, expression cassettes containing a vaccine gene under the control of a su...

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“…The majority of piglets in commercial systems are routinely vaccinated against M. hyopneumoniae, and numerous studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of vaccines under field conditions (6)(7)(8). Vaccination of pigs has been shown to reduce body weight losses and the prevalence of pigs actually observed with (pneumonic) lung lesions, as well as the severity of lesions in those pigs that are affected.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination of Piglets up to 1 Week of Age with a Single-Dose Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Vaccine Induces Protective Immunity within 2 Weeks against Virulent Challenge in the Presence of Maternally Derived Antibodies

Wilson

Brussel

Saunders

et al. 2013

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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bEnzootic pneumonia, resulting from infection with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is of considerable economic importance to the pig industry and normally is controlled through active vaccination of piglets. We have demonstrated that administration of an inactivated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine to piglets less than 1 week old is efficacious under field conditions and reduces the level of lung lesions observed in comparison to that in control pigs. Here, the results of two separate studies, one in piglets with and the second one in piglets without maternal antibodies, conducted to satisfy the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia (monograph no. 07/2009:2448), are reported. Piglets received either minimal titer Suvaxyn MH-One or saline at less than 1 week of age and were challenged with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 2 weeks later. The number of lung lesions was recorded 4 weeks after challenge, and bronchial swab and lung tissue specimens were analyzed for quantification of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae DNA. In the presence and absence of maternal antibodies, vaccination of piglets at less than 1 week of age was efficacious, with vaccinated piglets having significantly lower percentages of lung with lesions and lower Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae counts detected in bronchial swab and lung tissue specimens at necropsy. In conclusion, the vaccination of piglets at 1 week of age with Suvaxyn MH-One is efficacious in the presence of high levels of maternal antibodies. E nzootic pneumonia in pigs is a serious problem for commercial operations. The disease can result from infection with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is characterized mainly by a nonproductive cough (1), and is responsible for considerable economic losses in pig production worldwide (2, 3), resulting from higher feed conversion, decreased body weight gains, and increased medication costs. Studies have shown that infection with M. hyopneumoniae also predisposes pigs to subsequent infection by other bacterial pathogens, such as Actinobacillus (formerly Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae (4), or Pasteurella multocida (5). Apart from coinfections, factors such as the management of the animals, their environment, and their general health status can also affect the severity of mycoplasmal disease. Therefore, strategies for the control of enzootic pneumonia are extremely important in pig production.The majority of piglets in commercial systems are routinely vaccinated against M. hyopneumoniae, and numerous studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of vaccines under field conditions (6-8). Vaccination of pigs has been shown to reduce body weight losses and the prevalence of pigs actually observed with (pneumonic) lung lesions, as well as the severity of lesions in those pigs that are affected. Piglets are often infected by M. hyopneumoniae from their mothers (3), and field prevalence studies have indicated that between 1.5% and 4% of 1-and 3-week-old piglets tested with either nasal swabs or necropsies show positive PCR results for M. hyopneumoniae (9).We demonstrated previously...

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Evaluation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Inactivated Vaccine in Pigs under Field Conditions.

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

A field evaluation of two vaccines against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs

A field evaluation of two vaccines against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs

Phage Library Screening for the Rapid Identification and In Vivo Testing of Candidate Genes for a DNA Vaccine against Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony Biotype

Vaccination of Piglets up to 1 Week of Age with a Single-Dose Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Vaccine Induces Protective Immunity within 2 Weeks against Virulent Challenge in the Presence of Maternally Derived Antibodies

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