Evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance using saccharin test in smokers: A prospective study

Abstract

Mucociliary activity, the primary defence mechanism of the respiratory epithelium, is significantly depressed in smokers. Our findings showed that the said depression is not associated with the number of cigarettes smoked, duration of smoking or nicotine dependence.

Nasal Mucociliary Clearance in Smokers: A Systematic Review

“…The saccharin transfer time test was used in many studies to evaluate NMC because it is easy, safe, and inexpensive. 4,5,29 Various chemicals present in cigarette smoke, including acrolein, formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, nicotine, cotinine, acetaldehyde, phenol, and potassium cyanide, have been identified as having high toxicity to NMC. 7,30 The gaseous phase of cigarette smoke contains high concentrations of free radicals (>10 15 molecules per puff), resulting in increased oxidative stress that, in turn, causes changes in the structure and function of the NMC.…”

“…2,11,12 Long-term smoking causes both structural and functional damage in the respiratory airways, leading to changes in NMC. 2,4,11,12,20 The adverse effects of smoking on NMC have been reported and explained in various studies, but we could not find any systematic review about NMC in smokers. The aim of the present study was to look systematically into the current literature and carefully collect and analyze results to explore NMC in smokers.…”

“…Smoking is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in the world, especially in developing countries. [1][2][3][4] According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are around 1.1 billion smokers in the world, and half of them die every year (2015). 1 There are many types of smoking, such as cigarette smoking, bidi smoking, hookah smoking, electronic cigarette (EC) smoking, passive smoking, and many more.…”

“…1 There are many types of smoking, such as cigarette smoking, bidi smoking, hookah smoking, electronic cigarette (EC) smoking, passive smoking, and many more. [2][3][4][5][6][7] All of these types of smoking are related to the risk factor and etiology of many health problems, especially in the respiratory tract. In the respiratory tract, smoking is related to upper respiratory tract infection, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, nasopharyngeal cancer, and lung cancer.…”

Comparison of Saccharin Time in Nursing Home Residents With and Without Pneumonia: A Preliminary Study

“…These results in vivo 34: 845-848 (2020) 846 suggest an increased risk of pneumonia due to impaired mucociliary clearance in nursing home residents. Dehydration (15), history of smoking (16,17), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (18), chronic sinusitis (19), sinobronchial syndrome (20), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (21) have been reported as factors associated with a prolonged ST. While individuals presenting these factors were excluded from the adult group in the present study, those with smoking habits, COPD may have been included in the elderly group.…”