Evaluation of Pathogenicity and of Cultural and Biochemical Tests for Identification of Pseudomonas syringae Pathovars syringae, morsprunorum and persicae from Fruit Trees

Burkowicz, Anna; Rudolph, K.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1994.tb01446.x

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In addition to tests used in this study, there are other methods available for P. syringae pathovars detection and identification, such as serological agglutination and ELISA tests (Burkowicz and Rudolph, 1994;Vicente et al, 2004). The advantages of these techniques are that they are less time consuming, simple and robust, and have possibilities for screening many samples and for automation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars originating from stone fruits

Gašić¹,

Prokić²,

Ivanović³

et al. 2012

PESTIC PHYTOMED

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SuMMARyDue to an overlapping host range, similar symptomatology and many common characteristics, Pseudomonas syringae pathovars originating from stone fruits can easily be misidentified. In order to select tests for rapid and efficient differentiation of P. s. pvs. syringae, morsprunorum and persicae, we studied the suitability and differentiating potential of some standard bacteriological and molecular methods. Differentiation of the strains was performed using LOPAT, GATTa and ice nucleation tests, nutrient sucrose broth growth and utilization of various carbon sources. PCR method enabled the detection of toxin-producing genes: syrB and syrD in P. s. pv. syringae, and cfl gene in P. s. pv. morsprunorum race 1. Syringomycin production by pv. syringae was confirmed in bioassay using Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhodotorula pilimanae as indicator organisms. Pathogenicity test on lemon and immature nectarine fruits, as well as on string bean pods, showed different intensity of reaction of the inoculated material which could separate pv. syringae from the other two pathovars. PCR-based repetitive sequences, Rep-PCR with REP, ERIC and BOX primers revealed different genetic profiles within P. syringae pathovars.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars originating from stone fruits

Gašić¹,

Prokić²,

Ivanović³

et al. 2012

PESTIC PHYTOMED

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“…Also, most Pss strains produce the toxic lipodepsipeptides (TLP) syringomycins and syringopeptins, and genetical tests based on this characteristic can be used for the diagnosis of this pathovar (Quigley et al 1994;Bultreys and Gheysen 1999). In addition, many different methods of pathovar identification have been reported, but performing pathogenicity tests is necessary for differentiating pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains (Burkowicz and Rudolph 1994;Vicente et al 2004). Many pathogenicity tests on different organs and hosts have been described for identifying virulent P. syringae strains at the pathovar level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Genetic analyses of Pseudomonas syringae isolates from Belgian fruit orchards reveal genetic variability and isolate-host relationships within the pathovar syringae, and help identify both races of the pathovar morsprunorum

et al. 2008

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A collection of Pseudomonas syringae and viridiflava isolates was established between 1993 and 2002 from diseased organs sampled from 36 pear, plum and cherry orchards in Belgium. Among the 356 isolates investigated in this study, phytotoxin, siderophore and classical microbiology tests, as well as the genetical methods REP-, ERIC-and BOX-(collectively, rep-) and IS50-PCR, enabled identification to be made of 280 isolates as P. syringae pv. syringae (Pss), 41 isolates as P. syringae pv. morsprunorum (Psm) race 1, 12 isolates as Psm race 2, three isolates as P. viridiflava and 20 isolates as unclassified P. syringae. The rep-PCR methods, particularly BOX-PCR, proved to be useful for identifying the Psm race 1 and Psm race 2 isolates. The latter race was frequent on sour cherry in Belgium. Combined genetic results confirmed homogeneities in the pvs avii, and morsprunorum race 1 and race 2 and high diversity in the pv. syringae. In the pv. syringae, homogeneous genetic groups consistently found on the same hosts (pear, cherry or plum) were observed. Pathogenicity on lilac was sometimes variable among Pss isolates from the same genetic group; also, some Psm race 2 and unclassified P. syringae isolates were pathogenic to lilac. In the BOX analyses, four patterns included 100% of the toxic lipodepsipeptide (TLP)-producing Pss isolates pathogenic to lilac. Many TLP-producing Pss isolates non-pathogenic to lilac and the TLP-non-producing Pss isolates were classified differently. Pseudomonas syringae isolates that differed from known fruit pathogens were observed in pear, sour cherry and plum orchards in Belgium.

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“…Many P. syringae pathovars can infect only specific plant species, whereas others, especially P. syringae pv. syringae, possess a wide host range (3,4,9,41). The ability of medical bacteriologists to provide rapid and accurate serological identification of gram-negative bacteria based on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) diversity (25,26,30,31) indicates a similar potential for the taxonomy of P. syringae.…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunochemical characterization of O polysaccharides composing the alpha-D-rhamnose backbone of lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas syringae and classification of bacteria into serogroups O1 and O2 with monoclonal antibodies

Ovod¹,

Rudolph²,

Knirel³

et al. 1996

J Bacteriol

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Murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reacting with Pseudomonas syringae lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O polysaccharides (OPS) composed of tetra-and tri-␣-D-rhamnose repeats in the backbone [3)D-Rha(␣1-3)D-Rha (␣1-2)D-Rha(␣1-2)D-Rha(␣1] and [3)D-Rha(␣1-3)D-Rha(␣1-2)D-Rha(␣1]were generated and used for immunochemical analysis and for serological classification of the bacteria. A total of 195 of 358 P. syringae strains tested representing 21 pathovars were shown to share a common epitope, 1a, and were classified into serogroup O1. All strains with pathovars aptata, glycinea, japonica, phaseolicola, and pisi, most of the strains with pathovars atrofaciens and striafaciens, and half of the strains with pathovar syringae were classified into serotypes O1a, O1b, O1c, and O1d within serogroup O1. Serogroup-specific epitope 1a was inferred to be related to the ( All oxidase-negative and arginine dihydrolase-negative fluorescent bacteria are currently classified as Pseudomonas syringae van Hall. This is the most prevalent species within the pseudomonads (36). More than 50 distinct pathovars have been identified to meet the needs of plant pathologists concerned with the differential pathogenicity of P. syringae strains (41, 50, 51). Although the bacterium was originally isolated from lilacs, the pathovars of P. syringae cause diseases on nearly every cultivated plant and on a hitherto-unknown number of wild plant species. The pathovars of P. syringae are becoming appreciated not only as phytopathogens but also as common epiphytes of healthy host and nonhost plant species, as well as ice nucleation agents capable of inciting frost damage in plants (11,24).The taxonomy (classification, nomenclature, and identification) of P. syringae in general and the trinominal nomenclature in particular are confusing, and it is difficult to identify each pathovar solely on the basis of biochemical and physiological features. Many P. syringae pathovars can infect only specific plant species, whereas others, especially P. syringae pv. syringae, possess a wide host range (3,4,9,41). The ability of medical bacteriologists to provide rapid and accurate serological identification of gram-negative bacteria based on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) diversity (25,26,30,31) indicates a similar potential for the taxonomy of P. syringae. The serological features of P. syringae have not as yet been studied thoroughly (24). None of the earlier (33,37,40) or recent (10) attempts to create a serological classification scheme of P. syringae has been completed. A limited number of P. syringae strains have been studied with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) (5,35,43,48), known to be a powerful tool for taxonomic purposes (22,23,29,45). The molecular structure of the O-polysaccharide (OPS) repeating units of LPS have recently been elucidated for many strains of P. syringae (1,2,8,14,32,42). However, the discrepancies between the chemical structures of OPS (14) and the previously proposed serological classification scheme (37) could be clearly noticed. A detailed descriptio...

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Evaluation of Pathogenicity and of Cultural and Biochemical Tests for Identification of Pseudomonas syringae Pathovars syringae, morsprunorum and persicae from Fruit Trees

Cited by 28 publications

References 27 publications

Differentiation of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars originating from stone fruits

Differentiation of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars originating from stone fruits

Genetic analyses of Pseudomonas syringae isolates from Belgian fruit orchards reveal genetic variability and isolate-host relationships within the pathovar syringae, and help identify both races of the pathovar morsprunorum

Immunochemical characterization of O polysaccharides composing the alpha-D-rhamnose backbone of lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas syringae and classification of bacteria into serogroups O1 and O2 with monoclonal antibodies

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