Evaluation of Petroleum Spray Oils and Polysaccharides for Control of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Abstract

An experiment to determine the efficacy of sprays containing polysaccharides (0.025-0.2 g/L water) and/or petroleum spray oil (1.25-10 mL/L water) for control of citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella, unequivocally demonstrated that oil sprays suppress the number of mines/leaf. Oil concentrations 2 2 . 5 mL/L of water were effective, but the polysaccharides had no effect. We recommend sprays containing 2.5-5 mL oil/L. of water. The results are discussed in relation to their perceived importance in citrus integrated pest management programs and historical recommendations for the use of oils to control the pest.

The Effect of Some Botanical Pesticides Against Citrus Leafminer (CLM) and Two Spotted Mite (TSM)

“…Since CLM preferentially mine the abaxial surface of leaves, enhanced stomatal infiltration is especially useful against CLM. The petroleum oil spray residues reduced infestations of CLM by preventing oviposition and its effects depended on concentration of oil and time of spraying (Beattie et al, 1995, Smith et al 1997. Raga et al (2001) reported that both of Abamectin and Lufenuron pesticides along with petroleum oil provided a significant increase in CLM larval activity.…”

Bio-control efficiency of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) against the citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lep., Gracillariidae) under laboratory conditions

“…However, P. citrella has developed resistance to almost all pesticides used including organophosphates, pyrethroids, and carbamates, requiring higher doses or a mixture of several products for their effective control. These practices result in increased production costs and contamination of the environment (Beattie et al, 1995). Vigorous application of chemical insecticides has been used to repress P. citrella in the Middle East (Jafari, 1995;Jafarzadeh, 2000;Javan Moghadam, 2001).…”

Comparison of mineral spray oil, Confidor, Dursban, and Abamectin used for the control of Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillaridae), and an evaluation of the activity of this pest in citrus orchards in northern Iran

“…Such oils are again becoming an essential part of many Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs for agricultural crops worldwide. The integration of mineral oils is mainly because they are effectively non-toxic to vertebrates (Beattie and Smith 1996), degrade relatively quickly in the environment (Davidson et al 1991;Beattie et al 1995), and have never been associated with resistance or outbreaks of secondary pests (Beattie 1990;Beattie and Smith 1993). According to Kim et al (2010), mineral oils can control a range of pests and can replace synthetic pesticides in organic orchards.…”