Evaluation of Pollutant Emissions From Two-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Fueled With Biodiesel Produced From Various Waste Oils and Diesel Blends

Abstract

SummaryShipping represents a significant source of diesel emissions, which affects global climate, air quality and human health. As a solution to this problem, biodiesel could be used as marine fuel, which could help in reducing the negative impact of shipping on environment and achieve lower carbon intensity in the sector. In Southern Europe, some oily wastes, such as wastes from olive oil production and used frying oils could be utilized for production of the second-generation biodiesel. The present research investigates the influence of the secondgeneration biodiesel on the characteristics of gaseous emissions of NOx, SO2, and CO from marine diesel engines. The marine diesel engine that was used, installed aboard a ship, was a reversible low-speed two-stroke engine, without any after-treatment devices installed or engine control technology for reducing pollutant emission. Tests were carried out on three regimes of engine speeds, 150 rpm, 180 rpm and 210 rpm under heavy propeller condition, while the ship was berthed in the harbor. The engine was fueled by diesel fuel and blends containing 7% and 20% v/v of three types of second-generation biodiesel made of olive husk oil, waste frying sunflower oil, and waste frying palm oil. A base-catalyzed transesterification was implemented for biodiesel production. According to the results, there are trends of NOx, SO2, and CO emission reduction when using blended fuels. Biodiesel made of olive husk oil showed better gaseous emission performances than biodiesel made from waste frying oils.

A review on regulations, current status, effects and reduction strategies of emissions for marine diesel engines

“…The reduction in NOx emissions of biodiesel blend was also reported in two four-stroke six-cylinder supercharged marine auxiliary diesel engines [68][69][70]. However, the use of biodiesel in some multi-cylinder marine diesel engines yielded higher NOx emissions [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74].…”

“…Emission tests of various marine diesel engines with biodiesel have been conducted by many researchers. Nikolic et al [65] conducted an experiment on a low-speed two-stroke engine fueled by 7% and 20% blends of biodiesel with diesel and found a 30-70% reduction in SO2 emission, a 26-72% decrease in NOx and a 28-64% decrease in CO. The use of pure biodiesel in two small four-stroke marine craft diesel engines also showed a decrease in NOx emissions and an increase in CO emissions at light loads [66].…”

Marine Demonstration of Alternative Fuels on the Basis of Propulsion Load Sharing for Sustainable Ship Design

“…Environmental issues remain a major global concern, and in 2018, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) set a target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships by 50% by 2050 [1,2]. Alternative marine fuels, such as LNG, methanol, biofuel, and e-fuels, are considered [3][4][5]. Therefore, many shipyards and shipping companies are developing technologies to comply with greenhouse gas (GHG) regulations.…”

Piston Ring Material in a Two-Stroke Engine Which Sustains Wear Due to Catalyst Fines

“…The purposes of lubricants are to protect against wear, reduce friction, separate moving parts, transfer heat (from combustion chamber and piston to liner) and power, reduce noise and vibration, seal for gases, prevent corrosion and carry away contaminants and debris [11]. To increase efficiency [12] to reduce pollution [13] and exhaust emissions [14] in marine two-stroke low-speed diesel engines, it is very important that, among other numerous engine components, that piston rings and cylinder liners have highquality coatings, i.e. surfaces that generate ultra-low wear and friction between surfaces [15].…”