Evaluation of postharvest preservation strategies for stored wheat seed in Ethiopia

Kalsa, Karta Kaske; Subramanyam, Bhadriraju; Demissie, Girma; Mahroof, Rizana; Worku, Admasu; Gabbiye, Nigus

doi:10.1016/j.jspr.2019.01.001

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Besides, hermetic bags can fit the practical needs of smallholder farmers in that bags are portable and occupy less space in the house where the grain is better monitored during storage [37]. Hermetic bags were found effective in preventing aflatoxin build-up and maintaining the initial grain quality during storage [1,38].…”

Section: Co-occurrence Of Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wheat accounts for 13.8% of African cereal production and Ethiopia ranks first in wheat production among the countries of sub-Saharan Africa [1] with 4.6 million tons produced on 1.7 million hectares during the major season of 2017/18 [2]. The most consumed food groups in Ethiopia are cereals [3], of which wheat is an important grain to the national food supply.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of mycotoxins in farm-stored wheat in Ethiopia

Worku¹,

Merkuz²,

Kalsa³

et al. 2019

AJFAND

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In recent years, food safety has become an integral component of ensuring food security. Mycotoxin development in staple cereals is a principal threat to realizing food safety in developing countries. With the objective to investigate incidences and levels of mycotoxins in farm-stored wheat from major growing districts of Ethiopia, a study was conducted based on 179 samples collected from six districts: Wenberma, Merawi, Ofla, Hetosa, Gedeb, and Lemo. Total aflatoxins (AFT), Ochratoxin A (OTA), total fumonisins (FUM), and deoxynivalenol (DON) were determined using lateral flow immunoassays. Results indicated that the most common method used by farmers for storing wheat was polypropylene bag (92.2%, n=179). Incidences of AFT, OTA, FUM, and DON were 60.3%, 20.1%, 16.2%, and 9.5%, respectively. Levels in positive samples ranged from 2.5 µg/kg to 16.7 µg/kg for AFT, 2.1 µg/kg to 148.8 µg/kg for OTA, 0.33 mg/kg to 0.71 mg/kg for FUM, and 0.35 mg/kg to 1.14 mg/kg for DON. Age of wheat grains after harvest had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the incidence of AFT. Less AFT incidence was observed in samples aged 3 months than in the older ones. None of the wheat samples exceeded the 20 µg/kg maximum level set for AFT by the FDA of the USA. However, 50.8% (n=179) exceeded the EU maximum level set at 4 µg/kg for AFT in cereals. Ochratoxin A (OTA) levels in 4.5% (n=179) of wheat samples exceeded the 5 µg/kg maximum level set by the EU for unprocessed cereals. Deoxynivalenol levels in 3.4% (n=179) of wheat samples exceeded the 0.75 mg/kg maximum level set by the EU. Besides, co-occurrences of mycotoxins were observed, and the binary co-occurrences of AFT-OTA (7.8%, n=179) and AFT-FUM (7.3%, n=179) were the dominant ones. The result of the present investigation underscores the occurrence of mycotoxins in farm-stored wheat in Ethiopia. Appropriate measures need to be taken to enable farmers to use improved grain storage technologies such as the use of multi-layer hermetic bags, which are capable of protecting wheat from physical and biological factors that lead to mycotoxin formation.

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Section: Co-occurrence Of Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of mycotoxins in farm-stored wheat in Ethiopia

Worku¹,

Merkuz²,

Kalsa³

et al. 2019

AJFAND

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“…At the fourth stage, four hundred farming households were selected through a proportionate sampling technique. Finally, (50,46,43,37,29,30,39,42,22,17,24,21) farming household from each village were selected through proportionate. Data analysis was carried out by using descriptive as well as inferential statistics.…”

Section: Universe and Sampling (Quantitative Data)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Post-harvest losses mechanization chain effects from many stages like as: the moment of harvesting, lack of knowledge, and inadequate practices. These practices vary from country to country (Kalsa et al, 2019). In less developed countries, for example, where technology level is less mechanized, high illiteracy level prevail, increased poverty, marketing infrastructure are less developed and high food insecurity is experienced, high losses incurred at drying, transportation, handling, and storage stages (Aulakh & Regmi, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mixed-Method Study to Enhance Food Security by Reducing Post-Harvest Wheat Losses in Punjab, Pakistan

Manzoor

Maan

Khan

et al. 2021

HSSR

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Purpose of the study: The major purpose of this study was to enhance food security by reducing wheat losses. Methodology: A mixed-method research was used for data collection. Six focus group discussions and six key-informant interviews were conducted to cover qualitative aspects while 400 face-to-face interviews were conducted. The study was conducted in three randomly selected districts of Punjab. Six tehsils, two from each district were further selected randomly. From each selected tehsils, four hundred farming households were selected through a proportionate sampling technique, and data were collected through an interview schedule. : For the qualitative aspect thematic analysis was used to analyze data. The quantitative data were analyzed through the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) Main Findings: The result of the present study shows that majority of respondents having old age were doing wheat post-harvest activities and they have only a primary level of education. The farmers who have access to extension services had less level of losses rather than others. Qualitative results show that the farmers who are trained with techniques to manage post-harvest activities have fewer losses as compare to the farmers who are not trained. Applications of this study: It is concluded that hurdles regarding canal water, marketing, transportation, and practices of traditional methods for wheat storage lead to post-harvest losses as well. It is a sheer need of time to train the people (involved in postharvest management activities) to reduce the postharvest losses according to their needs.

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“…Accordingly, various storage materials (e.g. aluminium, paper, and plastic) have been tested for seed preservation across varying durations (Oladiran and Agunbiade, 2010;Narayanan et al, 2012;Kalsa et al, 2019). Furthermore, storage techniques such as the use of hermetic bags, metal silos, inert dust, and botanicals are recommended against storage pest and diseases (Demissie et al, 2008;Gitonga et al, 2013;Guenha et al, 2014;Martin et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%