Evaluation of Proanthocyanidins from Kiwi Leaves (Actinidia chinensis) against Caco-2 Cells Oxidative Stress through Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are considered to be effective natural byproduct and bioactive antioxidants. However, few studies have focused on their mode of action pathways. In this study, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress indices, real-time PCR, Western blotting, confocal microscopy, and molecular docking were used to investigate the protective effect of purified kiwi leaves PAs (PKLPs) on Caco-2 cells’ oxidative stress mechanisms. The results confirmed that pre-treatment with PKLPs significantly reduced H2O2-induced oxidative damage, accompanied by declining ROS levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in the Caco-2 cells. The PKLPs upregulated the expression of antioxidative enzymes (GSH-px, CAT, T-SOD) and the relative mRNA (Nrf, HO-1, SOD-1, CAT) of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) signaling pathway. The protein-expressing level of the Nrf2 and its relative protein (NQO-1, HO-1, SOD-1) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the PKLPs pre-treatment group compared to the model group. In conclusion, the novelty of this study is that it explains how PKLPs’ efficacy on the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway, in protecting vital cells from oxidative stress, could be used for cleaner production.

Effects of Green and Gold Kiwifruit Varieties on Antioxidant Neuroprotective Potential in Pigs as a Model for Human Adults

“…This benefit may be attributed to the concentrations of antioxidant micronutrients in KF (i.e., vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, and polyphenolics) that are chemically powerful antioxidants. KF has also been reported to activate the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) signaling pathway [ 34 ] responsible for inducing the transcription of antioxidant enzymes and reducing transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) [ 35 ], a key transcription factor that regulates the inflammatory response in cells.…”

Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities of Extracts Obtained from Young Shoots of Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.), European Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), and Mountain Cranberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.)

“…The ability of the extracts to mitigate oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells was monitored using the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive DCFH-DA dye in non-stimulated and H 2 O 2 stimulated conditions [34,44]. Caco-2 cells were selected as they were reported to be a more suitable model for the evaluation of antioxidant properties of dietary phenolics due to a retained active transport through the membrane [45].…”

Effect of Adding Different Levels of Proanthocyanidin in Laying Hens Diet on Productive Performance

“…The highest amounts of proanthocyanidins, as well as other polyphenols like polyflavans, may be found in the seeds of various fruits, vegetables, and grape pomace [4]. Oxidative stress is the result of an overload of free radicals relative to the body's IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1262/7/072039 2 antioxidant defences [5], with the free radicals wreaking havoc on cells and damaging biological molecules like DNA, proteins, and lipids [6]. Proanthocyanidins were found to have strong antioxidant properties, protecting sperm cells from radiation damage and altering gene expression among other things [7].…”