Evaluation of Probiotic-Fermented Feed Addition and LaserFiring to Accelerate Mature Broodstocks and Seed Productions of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effects of fermented feed using probiotics and laser-firing to accelerate the mature broodstocks and seed productions of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Fish has used male and female broodstocks of catfish. The method was used a completely randomized design with three treatments: unfermented feed as control, probiotic-fermented feed (PFF), and probioticfermented feed+laser firing (PFF+Li). In the first study, a laser-firing dose of 1.125 Joule was performed on fish broodstocks every 15 days. The gonadal maturity time of male and female broodstocks was observed. The second study, treated female broodstocks, was mated with mature male broodstocks without any prior treatments (control). Fertilization rate, hatching rate, and seed production performances such as survival rate and total length were measured. The results showed that treatment of PFF+Li has a significant effect (P<0.05) on the gonadal maturity time of males and females. This treatment reaches the fastest time to mature of the female gonad (31-41 days) and the male gonad (32-37 days) than other treatments (P<0.05). This treatment also produced the highest fertilization, hatching, and survival rates of more than 90%, respectively, and the highest seed yield of 2.1-3.0 cm size compared to other treatments (P<0.05) in African catfish.

Epigenetics and Probiotics Application toward the Modulation of Fish Reproductive Performance

“…Female rainbow trout that ingested commercial probiotic 'Bio-Aqua' (containing 8 bacterial strains or species) at 4 × 10 9 CFU kg −1 diet twice daily demonstrated higher absolute and relative Fec, FR, HR, and egg survival after 8 weeks [38]. Similarly, combined probiotics (5 bacteria and 2 yeasts) administered to female Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) broodstock fishes at dose of 5 mL kg −1 for 31-41 days and laser firing treatment at 1.125 Joule revealed that the probiotics treatment accelerated gonadal maturation [195].…”

Use of compound feed with the probiotic feed supplement based on Bacillus bacteria for sterlet producers

“…Thus, the use of the probiotic "Subtilis" as such a stimulant, has been shown to increase the survival rate of eggs, embryos and larvae, reduce mortality in the larval stage of development, increase viability in the early stages of ontogenesis, as well as improve natural immunity [15]. In addition, there are also publications on the effects of probiotics on the reproductive ability of fish such as Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus [16], oil catfish Ompok pabda [17], African catfish Clarias gariepinus [18] and European eel A. Anguilla [19].…”