Evaluation of pulp and paper making properties of Caesalpinia decapetela

Abstract

The world demand for paper has been increased due to the increasing population Therefore, to cop up the limited wood fiber resources introducing raw material in pulp and paper industries is necessary. The aims of this study to evaluate the pulp and paper-making properties of Caesalpinia decapetela based on proximate chemical composition, fiber morphology, pulping, bleaching, and physical test of the final product. The results proximate chemical analysis showed that C. decapetela has holocellulose content of 78.14±0.1 % and lignin content 18.0±0.04 %. Fiber morphology revealed that the fibers were 0.708 mm long, 18.63 μm width, and have 5.1 μm cell wall thicknesses. Kraft pulping of C. decapetale, was performed at different active alkali (5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 % and 25 %) and temperature (150, 160 and 170 °C), keeping the sulphidity 25 % constant. The pulp maximum yield 44.1 % was obtained at active alkali content of 15 %, temperature 160 °C, and cooking time 90 minutes. The effect of pulping on fiber morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy which showed the surface of fiber before pulping was tight, orderly arranged and the texture was relatively hard. After pulping, there was the removal of lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose. Due to this fiber become soft loosened and contain micro-pores. Pulp produced was bleached, sheet preparation and testing were performed. The prepared paper sheets have a tensile index of 28.19 Nm/gm, burst index of 1.359 kPa m 2 / gm 1.359\hspace{0.1667em}\text{kPa}\hspace{0.1667em}{\text{m}^{2}}/\text{gm} , and tear indices of 4.2 mN m 2 / gm 4.2\hspace{0.1667em}\text{mN}\hspace{0.1667em}{\text{m}^{2}}/\text{gm} . This study concluded C. decapetale can be the new raw material for pulp and paper making industries. However, pilot plant studies are required to check this raw material for the full recommendation of the pulp and paper industries.

Proximate chemical analysis and effect of age and height of Oxytenanthera abyssinica on fiber morphology and chemical compositions for pulp and paper production potential

“…Eucalyptus grandis (wood plant) and Bagasse of Saccharum o cinerum (21.4 µm) (non-wood plant) have lower ber diameters (19.00-20.00 µm) than Oxytenanthera abyssinica [47]. The ber width of Oxytenanthera abyssinica (21.83 µm) is greater than that of two other plants that have been tested for pulp and paper properties such as Melia azedarach (hardwood plants with 13.45 µm ber width) [48] and Caesalpinia decapetela (softwood plants with 18.63µm ber width) [49]. This gives the idea that Oxytenanthera abyssinica also can be used as an excellent raw material for pulping.The increase in ber diameter has been connected to the many chemical and physiological changes in cell walls during the growth processes and in the vascular cambium [50].…”

On the Conversion of Paper Waste and Rejects into High-Value Materials and Energy

“…This industry also faces constant pressure to reduce emissions that cause water and air pollution [4]. Deforestation is also a challenge for the PPI, as roughly 4 billion trees are cut down every year to serve as the raw material for paper making [5]. Most of the recent strategies for reducing this effect aim to increase the efficiency of printing techniques and the utilization of recycled paper [6].…”