Evaluation of Rational Use of Medicine Using WHO/INRUD Core Drug Use Indicators at Teda and Azezo Health Centers, Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Sema, Faisel Dula; Asres, Esubalew Delie; Wubeshet, Belaynesh Dubale

doi:10.2147/iprp.s316399

Cited by 25 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These oral dosage forms were broken, powdered, and packaged in different packages such as envelopes and given to parents/guardians for administration to children under the age of two years most frequently. 3 , 10 This might be justified as some professionals did not take training on rational dispensing in our case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The strength of the preparations was on 92% and 84% of labels; the frequency of administration was given on 60% of the labels issued by hospital I (Black Lion) and Hospital II (St Paulo’s) respectively. 10 This could be due to experience of pharmacy professionals i.e. governmental health facilities conform to the WHO standard compared with the private medicine retail outlets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Furthermore, around one-third of the world’s population lacks access to basic medicines. 9 , 10 Different studies have found that a lack of comprehension of drugs leads to non-adherence in Ethiopia. 7 , 11–13…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rational Dispensing of Oral Dosage Forms of Medicines to Children and Its Associated Factors in South West Ethiopia

Ejeta¹,

Feyisa²,

Aferu³

et al. 2022

PHMT

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Introduction Obstacles encountered when maintaining excellent dispensing practices for children include a lack of age-appropriate dosage forms, a shortage of medications in appropriate strengths for children, a lack of appetizing drugs, and a lack of competence in pediatric pharmacy. These difficulties contribute to ineffective dispensing procedures and an urgent need to study whether oral dose forms of medications are dispensed to children in a rational way. Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the rational dispensing of oral dosage forms of medicines to children, as well as the factors that influence this practice. Methods Using validated indicators, a cross-sectional study design was utilized to analyze the rational dispensing practice of oral dosage forms of medicines administered to children under the age of 12 years in seven pharmacies and two drug stores over a one-month period. Results and discussions Out of 810 medicines, 11.7% and 4% were irrationally manipulated, 5.8% and 1.8% needed manipulation, 3.7% and 0.2% were alternatively dispensed, 8.8% and 7.5% of the medicines had correct advice on their label and also 745 medicines were adequately labeled in the hospital and the selected drug stores. In this study, 92% of medicines were adequately labeled and had sufficient advice on their labels, 15.3% of medicines were irrationally manipulated and around 7.7% of the dosage forms needed manipulation during dispensing. The type of medicine retail outlet had a significant effect on the percentage of instances where alternative solid oral dosage forms were dispensed (p = 0.003), the percentage of dosage forms were adequately labeled (p = 0.008), and the percentage of dosage forms were irrationally manipulated before dispensing (p = 0.001). Conclusion The rational dispensing practice of oral dosage forms of medicines was relatively poor and there is room for improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rational Dispensing of Oral Dosage Forms of Medicines to Children and Its Associated Factors in South West Ethiopia

Ejeta¹,

Feyisa²,

Aferu³

et al. 2022

PHMT

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“…Inappropriate prescribing is on the rise ans one of the primary causes of drug-related harms [71][72][73][74] . The cost of medication error-related damage is tremendous.…”

Section: Importance In Attaining Good Prescribing Skill Against the G...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Perspectives: Should We Integrate Pharmacology in the Clinical Phase?

Umar¹,

Haque

2022

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Medical education has gone through tremendous evolution over the last few centuries. In the pre-Flexner and Osler era, medical education was mainly an apprenticeship-based model. After Flexner’s report in 1910, medical schools were more formalized in the West and became affiliated with universities. They ran four-year undergraduate courses comprising 2 years in preclinical basic science and two years in the clinical phase. Many other countries followed the British model, with five years of undergraduate training and one year of intensive internship training in the hospital. These knowledge-laden, didactic, teacher-centered courses could not produce skilled physicians to meet the challenges and health care needs of the 21st century. That is why innovative teaching methodologies were introduced in medical schools. Problembased learning, team-based learning, flipped classrooms, and integrated curriculum concepts were introduced. In Bangladesh, the medical education also going through a similar transition and heading towards an integrated medical curriculum. Pharmacology being a core preclinical science, is, in fact, at the cusps of clinical education. To produce competent physicians with good prescribing competency, knowledge of drugs is essential. In this perspective, pharmacology is a unique subject that should be integrated across all phases of medical education. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21 No. 02 April’22 Page : 249-261

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“…Studies indicated that consultation length might become a proxy measure of the quality of care and influence the delivery of health care [ 4 , 5 ]. The optimum WHO/INRUD value for average consultation time is ≥ 10 min, which was taken as the standard by most scholars in developing countries, for example in Pakistan [ 6 ], Kenya [ 7 ], Ethiopia [ 8 ], Kuwait [ 9 ], and so on. The Royal College of General Practitioners has recommended that primary care appointments be at least 15 min long, including examinations [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the relationship between consultation length and quality of tele-dermatology E-consults in China: a cross-sectional standardized patient study

Gong

Hou

Guo

et al. 2022

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background Consultation length, the time a health provider spend with the patient during a consultation, is a crucial aspect of patient-physician interaction. Prior studies that assessed the relationship between consultation length and quality of care were mainly based on offline visits. Research was lacking in E-consults settings, an emerging modality for primary health care. This study aims to examine the association between consultation length and the quality of E-consults services. Methods We defined as standardized patient script to present classic urticaria symptoms in asynchronous E-consults at tertiary public hospitals in Beijing and Hangzhou, China. We appraised consultation length using six indicators, time waiting for first response, time waiting for each response, time for consultation, total times of provider’s responses, total words of provider’s all responses, and average words of provider’s each response. We appraised E-consults services quality using five indicators building on China’s clinical guidelines (adherence to checklist; accurate diagnosis; appropriate prescription; providing lifestyle modification advice; and patient satisfaction). We performed ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions and logistic regressions to investigate the association between each indictor of consultation length and E-consults services quality. Results Providers who responded more quickly were more likely to provide lifestyle modification advice and achieve better patient satisfaction, without compromising process, diagnosis, and prescribing quality; Providers who spent more time with patients were likely to adhere to clinical checklists; Providers with more times and words of responses were significantly more likely to adhere to the clinical checklist, provide an accurate diagnosis, appropriate prescription, and lifestyle modification advice, which achieved better satisfaction rate from the patient as well. Conclusions The times and words that health providers provide in E-consult can serve as a proxy measure for quality of care. It is essential and urgent to establish rules to regulate the consultation length for Direct-to-consumer telemedicine to ensure adequate patient-provider interaction and improve service quality to promote digital health better.

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Evaluation of Rational Use of Medicine Using WHO/INRUD Core Drug Use Indicators at Teda and Azezo Health Centers, Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Rational Dispensing of Oral Dosage Forms of Medicines to Children and Its Associated Factors in South West Ethiopia

Rational Dispensing of Oral Dosage Forms of Medicines to Children and Its Associated Factors in South West Ethiopia

Changing Perspectives: Should We Integrate Pharmacology in the Clinical Phase?

Investigating the relationship between consultation length and quality of tele-dermatology E-consults in China: a cross-sectional standardized patient study

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