Evaluation of residual monomer release after polymerization of different restorative materials used in pediatric dentistry

Duruk, Gülsüm; Akküç, Sibel; Yılmaz, Uğur

doi:10.1186/s12903-022-02260-9

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Gradia Direct flo showed maximum increase in the first 24 h, with decreasing amounts of leached monomer after 28 days. This was similar to a study by Duruk et al [ 42 ], who found that the amount of HEMA released from the resin cement of Ionolux (VOCO, Cuxhaven, Germany) was found to be very low for the 1st hour and higher on the first day in comparison to the 21st day. This situation may be due to the interaction of HEMA molecules with water, considering that HEMA is highly hydrophilic and the solution consists of 75% ethanol–25% water.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…According to their findings, TEGDMA levels became detectable after 24 h, while BIS-GMA levels were higher after 24 h than after 14 days. According to Duruk et al, after 24 h and 14 days, the amounts of TEGDMA released by the GrandioSO composite were much higher than on the 21st day when it was undetectable [ 42 ]. Additionally, after 24 h the amounts of BisGMA were higher than after 7 days or 28 days for Filtek Bulk Fill, Filtek Supreme flow, and TetricEvo flow, while for all others, the composites’ amount of Bis GMA were higher after 28 days except for SDR, G, and GDf; no BisGMA were determined in either of the measured periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Leachable Components from Conventional and Dental Bulk-Fill Resin Composites (High and Low Viscosity) Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) Method

Barišić¹,

Sarajlija²,

Klarić

et al. 2023

Polymers

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The aim of this study was to investigate leachable components (monomers) in high and low viscosity dental bulk-fill resin composites and conventional resin composite materials after polymerization. Six bulk-fill and six conventional dental resin composite materials were used in this study. The samples of each material (three sets of triplicates) were cured for 20 s with irradiance of 1200 mW/cm2 with a LED curing unit and immersed in a 75% ethanol solution at 37 °C. The eluates from each triplicate set were analyzed after 24 h, 7 days or 28 days using liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Detectable amounts of 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were found in both Gradia materials and the amount observed across different time points was statistically different (p ˂ 0.05), with the amount in solution increasing for Gradia and decreasing for Gradia Direct flo. Bisphenol A diglycidildimethacrylate (BIS GMA) was found in Filtek and Tetric materials. Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) was detected in all materials. On the other hand, there were no statistically significant differences in the amounts of TEGDMA detected across different time points in either of the tested materials. Monomers HEMA, TEGDMA, 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester (DMA BEE) and BIS GMA in bulk-fill and conventional composites (high and low viscosity) can be eluted after polymerization. The good selection of composite material and proper handling, the following of the manufacturer’s instructions for polymerization and the use of finishing and polishing procedures may reduce the elution of the unpolymerized monomers responsible for the possible allergic and genotoxic potential of dental resin composites.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Leachable Components from Conventional and Dental Bulk-Fill Resin Composites (High and Low Viscosity) Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) Method

Barišić¹,

Sarajlija²,

Klarić

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…Ethanol penetrates the polymer network of resin-based restorative materials, widens the gaps between polymer chains, and facilitates monomer release [ 18 , 36 , 37 ]. These properties have led to its being used as a storage medium in many studies evaluating residual monomer release [ 10 , 19 , 29 , 38 ]. A mixed solution of 75% ethanol and 25% water, recommended by the United States Food and Drug Administration as a liquid that mimics the food–oral cavity relationship, was used as the storage medium in the present study [ 35 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of topical fluoride applications on residual monomer release from resin-based restorative materials

et al. 2023

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Background The effects of topical fluoride applications on the release of monomer ingredients from resin-based dental materials by immersion in various extraction solutions are unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of topical fluorides (APF and NaF) on the elution of residual monomers (Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, UDMA, and HEMA) from resin-based materials. Methods Ninety specimens were prepared, 30 bulk-fill composite resin, 30 nanohybrid universal composite resin, and 30 polyacid-modified composite resin (compomer). These were randomly divided into three groups based on fluoride application procedures. Each specimen was kept in 75% ethanol solution, and residual monomers released from materials were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after 10 min, 1 h, 24 h, and 30 days. The groups were compared using the Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests. Measurements were analyzed using the Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results Fluoride applications generally had no considerable effect on the amount of residual monomer released from resin-based restorative materials. The amount of monomer release after topical APF application was similar to the release in the control group and was lower than the release in the NaF group. The release of monomers from the resin-based material used in the study did not approach toxic levels at the applied time intervals. The compomer released lower amounts of monomer than other resin-based materials. Conclusions Fluoride applications do not increase monomer release from resin-based restorative materials. However, compomers should be employed by clinicians due to their lower monomer release compared to other resin restorative materials. The release of monomers from all the resin-based materials did not approach toxic levels at the applied time intervals.

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“…Due to the chemistry of the resinous/polymerizing materials, we believe that the standardized preparation of materials, in particular the storage time, directly affects the results. The materials elute residual monomer after initial polymerization [ 15 , 18 , 39 ]. Although the amount of residual monomer reaches its peak within 24 h, the peak differs depending on the materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biological properties and responses of the peri-implant soft tissues can be influenced by the chemical composition of provisional restorative materials [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Some studies have reported that acrylic materials are cytotoxic mainly due to the continued release of residual monomers even after polymerization [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. In chemical cured materials, almost all materials are mainly polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based or bis-acrylic-based.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparity in the Influence of Implant Provisional Materials on Human Gingival Fibroblasts with Different Phases of Cell Settlement: An In Vitro Study

Matsuura,

Stavrou,

Komatsu

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The development of healthy peri-implant soft tissues is critical to achieving the esthetic and biological success of implant restorations throughout all stages of healing and tissue maturation, starting with provisionalization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of eight different implant provisional materials on human gingival fibroblasts at various stages of cell settlement by examining initial cell attachment, growth, and function. Eight different specimens—bis-acrylic 1 and 2, flowable and bulk–fill composites, self-curing acrylic 1 and 2, milled acrylic, and titanium (Ti) alloy as a control—were fabricated in rectangular plates (n = 3). The condition of human gingival fibroblasts was divided into two groups: those in direct contact with test materials (contact experiment) and those in close proximity to test materials (proximity experiment). The proximity experiment was further divided into three phases: pre-settlement, early settlement, and late settlement. A cell culture insert containing each test plate was placed into a well where the cells were pre-cultured. The number of attached cells, cell proliferation, resistance to detachment, and collagen production were evaluated. In the contact experiment, bis-acrylics and composites showed detrimental effects on cells. The number of cells attached to milled acrylic and self-curing acrylic was relatively high, being approximately 70% and 20–30%, respectively, of that on Ti alloy. There was a significant difference between self-curing acrylic 1 and 2, even with the same curing modality. The cell retention ability also varied considerably among the materials. Although the detrimental effects were mitigated in the proximity experiment compared to the contact experiment, adverse effects on cell growth and collagen production remained significant during all phases of cell settlement for bis-acrylics and flowable composite. Specifically, the early settlement phase was not sufficient to significantly mitigate the material cytotoxicity. The flowable composite was consistently more cytotoxic than the bulk–fill composite. The harmful effects of the provisional materials on gingival fibroblasts vary considerably depending on the curing modality and compositions. Pre-settlement of cells mitigated the harmful effects, implying the susceptibility to material toxicity varies depending on the progress of wound healing and tissue condition. However, cell pre-settlement was not sufficient to fully restore the fibroblastic function to the normal level. Particularly, the adverse effects of bis-acrylics and flowable composite remained significant. Milled and self-curing acrylic exhibited excellent and acceptable biocompatibility, respectively, compared to other materials.

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Evaluation of residual monomer release after polymerization of different restorative materials used in pediatric dentistry

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Detection of Leachable Components from Conventional and Dental Bulk-Fill Resin Composites (High and Low Viscosity) Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) Method

Detection of Leachable Components from Conventional and Dental Bulk-Fill Resin Composites (High and Low Viscosity) Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) Method

Effect of topical fluoride applications on residual monomer release from resin-based restorative materials

Disparity in the Influence of Implant Provisional Materials on Human Gingival Fibroblasts with Different Phases of Cell Settlement: An In Vitro Study

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