Evaluation of resultant tissue type following the intraoral transplantatin of various lyophilized soft tissues

Abstract

Epithelial regeneration was studied in Rhesus monkeys following the placement of fresh autogenous and lyophilized allogeneic soft tissue grafts in alveolar mucosa recipient sites. Two months postoperatively, histologic evaluation of biopsied graft areas showed that the autogenous free gingival graft controls, lyophilized allogeneic skin, and lyophilized allogeneic gingiva generally demonstrated a keratinized surfrace and other attributes of gingival‐type tissue. Lyophilized allogeneic mucosa universally yielde a non‐ or para‐ keratinized surface and a mucosa‐like corium. These findings reinforce the principle of dermal dictation of epithelial covering, demonstrate that lyophilized tissues retain their dermal specificity, and support the use of lyophilized allogeneic skin and gingiva in mucogingival surgery.

Acellular Dermal Matrix Allografts to Achieve Increased Attached Gingiva. Part 1. A Clinical Study

“…In agreement with prior studies of devitalized grafts, 18,19,35 the function of ADM is considered a biologic bandage or a scaffold at best. Contrary to the notion of some previous studies, 24,36 the authors believe that viability of the connective tissue is essential for a graft to fully express the capability of coding for keratinized epithelium.…”

Subgingival Acellular Dermal Matrix Allograft for the Treatment of Gingival Recession: A Case Report

“…Allograft materials, especially skin preparations, were used for gingival augmentation procedures. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] A major advantage of ADMA over skin preparations is the absence of the undesirable dead cells with their associated Class I and II HLD antigens and potential transmission of cell-associated viruses. Also, ADMA has essentially undamaged collagen and elastin matrices, making it completely biocompatible.…”

“…28,29 It has been claimed that ADMA possesses several significant advantages over other allograft materials, especially over the previously used freeze-dried skin. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Based on several case reports in oral and periodontal surgery and clinical experience in plastic surgery, it has also been observed that ADMA consistently integrates into the host tissue; it maintains structural integrity of the tissue and revascularizes via preserved vascular channels.…”

A systematic review assessing soft tissue augmentation techniques

“…Because an adequate amount of keratinized tissue has not been defined yet, the decision to augment the width of keratinized gingiva around dental implants and teeth still depends on the clinician's choice and the planned surgical and prosthetic treatment. Historically, the methods to augment keratinized tissue included: (i) an apically positioned flap (APF); (ii) an APF in combination with autogenous tissue, and (iii) an APF in combination with allogenic tissue (Friedman 1962; Edel 1974; Yukna & Sullivan 1978).…”