Evaluation of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer, and Optic Nerve Head in Glaucoma Suspects With Varying Myopia

Miller, Gregg D; Abu-Qamar, Omar; Salim, Sarwat

doi:10.1097/ijg.0000000000001834

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In addition we found that peripapillary RNFL thickness in the T quadrant was significantly higher in patients with high myopia when compared with OAG and OAG-M groups. This corresponds with other studies’ results that observed thickening of RNFL in the T quadrant in high myopia due to the temporalization of RNFL due to increased AL [ 25 , 42 – 44 ]. The RNFL thickness in the T quadrant is expected to be the least affected by high myopia changes suggesting that a decrease in RNFL thickness in this part could indicate glaucomatous changes [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This corresponds with other studies’ results that observed thickening of RNFL in the T quadrant in high myopia due to the temporalization of RNFL due to increased AL [ 25 , 42 – 44 ]. The RNFL thickness in the T quadrant is expected to be the least affected by high myopia changes suggesting that a decrease in RNFL thickness in this part could indicate glaucomatous changes [ 44 ]. Previously, Tai and colleagues found that mean and I quadrant RNFL thickness was lower in high myopia than in OAG patients [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Differences in structural parameters in patients with open-angle glaucoma, high myopia and both diseases concurrently. A pilot study

et al. 2023

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Purpose To evaluate the differences in structural parameters in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG), high myopia (M), and both diseases (OAG-M) concurrently. Methods 42 subjects with OAG (n = 14), M (n = 14) and OAG-M (n = 14) were included in a prospective pilot study. Mean peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, RNFL in superior, temporal, inferior, nasal quadrants, macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) and its’ layers, vessel density (VD) of optic nerve head (ONH) and macula were evaluated. Results The OAG-M group showed significantly lowest thickness of mean peripapillary RNFL 89 (49–103) μm (p = 0.021), temporal quadrant 64.5 (51–109) μm (p = 0.001) and inferior quadrant 107 (64–124) μm (p = 0.025). The macular RNFL was thinnest in the OAG-M group (p <0.001). Macular VD in inferior quadrant was lowest in OAG-M group at superficial capillary plexus 45.92 (40.39–51.72) % (p = 0.014) and choriocapillaris 51.62 (49.87–56.63) % (p = 0.035). The lowest ONH VD of temporal quadrant was found in the OAG-M group 52.15 (35.73–59.53) % (p = 0.001) in the superficial capillary plexus. Similarly, the lowest VD of inferior quadrant was found in OAG-M group in the choriocapillaris 54.42 (46.31–64.64) % (p<0.001). Conclusions The M group showed the least thinning in the peripapillary RNFL thickness in the temporal quadrant and macular RNFL compared to other two groups. The highest macular VD in the inferior quadrant was in the M group in the superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus and choriocapillaris. The M group showed highest VD in the temporal quadrant and in total VD of ONH at the superficial capillary plexus and in total VD of ONH at the deep capillary plexus. Practical recommendations The observed decrease in peripapillary RNFL thickness of the temporal quadrant, macular RNFL thickness, the decrease of macular VD at the inferior quadrant and decrease in VD of the ONH temporal quadrant in deep capillary plexus could be beneficial for diagnosing glaucoma in high myopia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Differences in structural parameters in patients with open-angle glaucoma, high myopia and both diseases concurrently. A pilot study

et al. 2023

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“…Studies ( 31 , 32 ) demonstrated that GCIPL thicknesses were significantly thinner with decreasing SE and also significantly thinner with increasing axial length. Miller et al ( 13 ) found patient with high myopia experience thinning of non-temporal parameters ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer. Our study displayed similar results that both myopia and GP could lead to a decrease in the average and sectoral GCIPL, but the annual change rate of inferotemporal GCIPL in the GP group was much greater than that in the MP group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, identifying the difference in the loss pattern of the pRNFL and RGCs caused by glaucomatous or myopic progression in adolescents is critical for the early detection of juvenile glaucoma. To date, most studies ( 6 , 13 ) that have compared the pRNFL and RGCs between myopia and glaucoma were cross-sectional investigations on adults, which limits the insights that can be drawn from the data regarding the time course of pRNFL and RGCs changes associated with the progressive myopia and glaucoma during adolescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Changes in Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Macular Ganglion Cell Inner Plexiform Layer in Progressive Myopia and Glaucoma Among Adolescents

et al. 2022

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PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the differences in longitudinal changes in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) caused by progressive myopia and glaucoma among adolescents.DesignThis was a retrospective observational study.MethodsA total of forty-seven and 25 eyes of 47 and 25 adolescents with myopia progression (MP) and glaucoma progression (GP), respectively, who were followed up at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center for at least 3 years, were included in the study. The pRNFL and GCIPL that measured at the initial and last visits were analyzed.ResultsThe median follow-up period was 5 years for both two groups. During follow-up, the whole, superior, and inferior pRNFL decreased in both the MP and GP groups, (p < 0.001). Nasal pRNFL decreased in the MP group (p < 0.001) but had no significant difference in the GP group (p = 0.19). Temporal pRNFL was increased in the MP group (p < 0.001) but decreased in the GP group (p < 0.001). The average and sectoral GCIPL decreased in both groups (p < 0.001). The annual change rate of temporal pRNFL and pRNFL at 10-, 8-, 9-, and 7-clock-hour sectors and the inferotemporal GCIPL has better diagnostic value to differentiate glaucoma from myopia (the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUC > 0.85).ConclusionGlaucoma and MP could cause loss of the pRNFL and GCIPL in adolescents; however, the loss patterns were different between the two groups. The temporal quadrant and 7-, 8-, 9-, and 10-clock-hour sector pRNFL and the inferotemporal GCIPL can help distinguish pRNFL and GCIPL loss caused by glaucoma or MP.

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“…RNFL thinning has been previously reported in patients with OSA, along with decreased visual evoked potentials [ 9 , 10 , 31 – 47 , 56 ]. Importantly, while RNFL thinning has been reported in myopic eyes and associated with health conditions including migraines, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease, this usually results in more diffuse thinning [ 57 – 62 ]. In contrast, the pattern of thinning shown in this study is consistent with glaucomatous changes that follow an ISNT (inferior, superior, nasal, and then temporal) pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of obstructive sleep apnea on the corneal subbasal nerve plexus and retinal nerve fiber layer

et al. 2022

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Purpose Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an established independent risk factor for peripheral neuropathy. Macro and microvascular changes have been documented in OSA, including high levels of potent vasoconstrictors. In diabetes, vasoconstriction has been identified as an underlying risk factor for corneal neuropathy. This study sought to establish a potential relationship between OSA and corneal nerve morphology and sensitivity, and to determine whether changes in corneal nerves may be reflective of OSA severity. Design Single center cross-sectional study. Methods Sixty-seven patients were stratified into two groups: those with OSA and healthy controls. Groups were matched for age, sex, race, smoking, and dry eye status. Outcome measures included serologies, a dilated fundus exam, dry eye testing, anthropometric parameters, corneal sensitivity, subbasal nerve plexus morphology, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and the use of questionnaires to assess symptoms of dry eye disease, risk of OSA, and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) compliance. Results No significant differences were observed in corneal nerve morphology, sensitivity, or the number of dendritic cells. In the OSA test group, RNFL thinning was noted in the superior and inferior regions of the optic disc and peripapillary region. A greater proportion of participants in the OSA group required a subsequent evaluation for glaucoma than in the control. In those with OSA, an increase in the apnea hypopnea index was associated with an increase in optic nerve cupping. Conclusions OSA does not exert a robust effect on corneal nerves. OSA is however, associated with thinning of the RNFL. Participants with glaucomatous optic nerve changes and risk factors for OSA should be examined as uncontrolled OSA may exacerbate glaucoma progression.

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Evaluation of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer, and Optic Nerve Head in Glaucoma Suspects With Varying Myopia

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Differences in structural parameters in patients with open-angle glaucoma, high myopia and both diseases concurrently. A pilot study

Differences in structural parameters in patients with open-angle glaucoma, high myopia and both diseases concurrently. A pilot study

Longitudinal Changes in Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Macular Ganglion Cell Inner Plexiform Layer in Progressive Myopia and Glaucoma Among Adolescents

Differential effects of obstructive sleep apnea on the corneal subbasal nerve plexus and retinal nerve fiber layer

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