Evaluation of Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in Shimoga Population

Abstract

Background: The morbidity and mortality rate is increasing due to cardiovascular disease around the globe. This may be due to drastic changes in lifestyle, food habits, work, stress, genetic factors, and environmental conditions. The present study is undertaken to evaluate the risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Shimoga region. Objective: Evaluation of risk factors of CVD in patients who admitted for treatment in McGann Teaching District Hospital, Shimoga. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Mc Gann's Teaching District Hospital, Shimoga from October 2017 to March 2018. Data about sociodemographic parameters such as age, sex, height, weight, smoking, the status of diabetes mellitus, type of occupation, and diet, tobacco, and alcohol consumption were retrieved from the medical record section and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: Out of 262 CVD cases, 60% were male and 40% were female. Based on the body mass index (BMI), 1.9% were underweight, 40.1% were normal, 34.4% were overweight, and 23.7% were obese. Sedentary (64.9%) lifestyle was significantly higher when compared to moderate (2.3%) and heavy (32.8%). Diabetes, smoking, tobacco, and alcohol consumption were seen to be significant while food custom was not significant among the study population ( P < .05). Conclusion: In our study, a higher percentage of CVD patients falls under normal BMI when compared to other studies. This may be due to lifestyle, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and family hereditary. Further extensive studies should be carried out to find the main cause of CVD in Shimoga population.