Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Performances of ERA-Interim Precipitation and Temperature in Mainland China

Liu, Zhengjia; Liu, Yansui; Wang, Sisi; Yang, Xiaoxuan; Wang, Lunche; Baig, Muhammad Hasan Ali; Chi, Wenfeng; Wang, Zhaosheng

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-17-0212.1

Cited by 100 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The unit of soil moisture is m 3 /m 3 . The monthly SAT and precipitation of ERA‐Interim from 1979 to 2017 are also used in this study, which is in good agreement with observed data over East Asia (Lin et al, ; Liu et al, ; Liu et al, ).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

Decadal Change in Soil Moisture Over East Asia in Response to a Decade‐Long Warming Hiatus

et al. 2019

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East Asia has experienced long-term warming and drying in the twentieth century.However, a phenomenon known as the "warming hiatus" changed the trend of enhanced soil drying over East Asia. In contrast to the previous long-term drying in the last century, time series of soil moisture showed a shift from a downtrend to uptrend around 2005, and prominent wetting was located in the northeast (semiarid and dry subhumid regions) and southeast of China (extreme humid regions). Our results illustrated that such abrupt change in soil moisture was closely related to the change of warming during hiatus. The warming hiatus played a more important role in decadal soil wetting over these semiarid and dry subhumid regions, compared to relatively limited influence of surface atmosphere temperature over humid regions. The weakened drying during the hiatus decade suggests that the response of wetting/drying to climate in drylands is closely related to decadal surface atmosphere temperature, which will deepen our understanding of the mechanism on the role of surface atmosphere temperature in the process of wetting/drying in drylands over different time scales.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

Decadal Change in Soil Moisture Over East Asia in Response to a Decade‐Long Warming Hiatus

et al. 2019

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“…Compared to the ERA-Interim, ERA5 show a little improvement in reproducing wind over land [34,35], and ERA-Interim show best performance in wind speed [36]. In addition, ERA-Interim have a good ability in reproducing the temperature and precipitation over mainland China [38], but its performance in reproducing the near-surface wind is not clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Evaluation of Near-Surface Wind Speed Changes during 1979 to 2011 over China Based on Five Reanalysis Datasets

et al. 2019

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Wind speed data derived from reanalysis datasets has been used in the plan and design of wind farms in China, but the quality of these kinds of data over China remains unknown. In this study, the performances of five sets of reanalysis data, including National Centers for Environmental Predictions (NCEP)-U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Reanalysis 2 (NCEP-2), Modern-ERA Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA), Japanese 55-year Reanalysis Project (JRA-55), Interim ECMWF Re-Analysis product (ERA-Interim), and 20th Century Reanalysis (20CR) in reproducing the climatology, interannual variation, and long-term trend of near-surface (10 m above ground) wind speed, for the period of 1979-2011 over continental China are comprehensively evaluated. Compared to the gridded data compiled from meteorological stations, all five reanalysis datasets reasonably reproduce the spatial distribution of the climatology of near-surface wind speed, but underestimate the intensity of the near-surface wind speed in most regions except for Tibetan Plateau where the wind speed is overestimated. All five reanalysis datasets show large weaknesses in reproducing the annual cycle of near-surface wind speed averaged over the continental China. The near-surface wind speed derived from the observations exhibit significant decreasing trends over most parts of continental China during 1979 to 2011. Although the spatial patterns of the linear trends reproduced by reanalysis datasets are close to the observation, the magnitudes are weaker in annual, spring, summer and autumn season. The qualities of all reanalysis datasets are limited in winter. For the interannual variability, except for winter, all five reanalysis datasets reasonably reproduce the interannual standard deviation but with larger amplitude. Quantitative comparison indicates that among the five reanalysis datasets, the MERRA (JRA-55) shows the relatively highest (lowest) skill in terms of the climatology and linear trend. These results call for emergent needs for developing high quality reanalysis data that can be used in wind resource assessment and planning.

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“…For example, Gao et al [22] and Wang et al [24] have verified that the reanalysis data could be an alternative to observations in areas lacking data because of their resolution and long-time series. Liu et al [25] concluded that the researchers should be careful when using ERA-Interim precipitation and temperature data in complex topography areas. Gao et al [22] concluded that ERA-Interim is generally reliable for climate change studies over the Tibetan Plateau.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ERA-Interim Air Temperature Data over the Qilian Mountains of China

Zhao

Gao

Wei

et al. 2020

Advances in Meteorology

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In this study, 2 m air temperature data from 24 meteorological stations in the Qilian Mountains (QLM) are examined to evaluate ERA-Interim reanalysis temperature data derived from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for the period of 1979-2017. ERA-Interim generally captures the monthly, seasonal, and annual variation very well. High daily correlations ranging from 0.956 to 0.996 indicate that ERA-Interim captures the daily temperature observations very well. However, an average root-mean-square error (RMSE) of ±2.7°C of all stations reveals that ERA-Interim should not be directly applied at individual sites. e biases are mainly attributed to the altitude differences between ERA-Interim grid points and stations. e positive trend (0.457°C/decade) is significant over the Qilian Mountains based on the 1979-2017 observations. ERA-Interim captures the warming trend very well with an increase rate of 0.384°C/decade. e observations and ERA-Interim both show the largest positive trends in summer with the values of 0.552°C/decade and 0.481°C/decade, respectively. We conclude that in general ERA-Interim captures the trend very well for observed 2 m air temperatures and ERA-Interim is generally reliable for climate change research over the Qilian Mountains.

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Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Performances of ERA-Interim Precipitation and Temperature in Mainland China

Cited by 100 publications

References 71 publications

Decadal Change in Soil Moisture Over East Asia in Response to a Decade‐Long Warming Hiatus

Decadal Change in Soil Moisture Over East Asia in Response to a Decade‐Long Warming Hiatus

Evaluation of Near-Surface Wind Speed Changes during 1979 to 2011 over China Based on Five Reanalysis Datasets

Evaluation of ERA-Interim Air Temperature Data over the Qilian Mountains of China

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