Evaluation of the 7-h membrane filter test for quantitation of fecal coliforms in water

Abstract

The 7-h fecal coliform (FC) test for detection of FC organisms in water was evaluated to establish its validity and usefulness for emergency and disaster situations. The waters tested consisted of routine samples collected for public health surveillance and enforcement purposes. A total of 984 water samples from throughout California were assayed. These included samples from coastal salt waters, rivers, canals, and reservoirs, in addition to potable and miscellaneous freshwater sources. A portion of each sample was tested concurrently by both the 7-h FC test and the most-probable-number FC five-tube test. The 7-h FC test samples were incubated for 7 to 7.25 h at 41.5°C. Overall, greater than 90% agreement was obtained between the methods in determining whether the water quality was acceptable or unacceptable. Statistical analysis of the 984 samples confirmed that the 7-h FC method was a suitable alternative to the most-probable-number FC method for evaluation of freshwater samples. During emergencies or disasters, the 7-h FC test could provide a means for detection of fecal contamination of water with results available in less than 1 day.

Evaluation and implementation of a membrane filter method forCronobacterdetection in drinking water

“…One hundred millilitre or replicates of smaller sample volumes such as four replicates of 25 mL portions of drinking water samples were tested to obtain 20–80 target colonies, and no more than 200 colonies of all types grew on a FM surface (Barnes et al ., ; APHA et al ., ). Samples were filtered through mixed cellulose ester FMs with 0.45 μm pore size and 47 mm diameter (Millipore, MA) by autoclaved vacuum pump (PLUS, Millipore).…”