Evaluation of the acceptance of glass in bone

Bone formation in rabbit cancellous bone defects filled with bioactive glass granules

“…Silica glasses and glass-ceramics have been shown to be both osteoconductive and biocompatible (Hench et al 1972, Gross et al 1981, Holand et al 1985, Kitsugi et al 1989, Anderson et al 1992. Previous studies indicate that bioactive glasses and glass ceramics can be used as a bone substitute material (Schepers et al 1991, Nelson et al 1994, Neo et al 1994.…”

High‐resolution 1H NMR investigations of the capacity of dentifrices containing a “smart” bioactive glass to influence the metabolic profile of and deliver calcium ions to human saliva

“…Human tooth enamel remains highly susceptible to demineralization in view of its recurrent exposure to saliva, foods, and commonly consumed beverage drinks, the latter of which often having low-pH values and contain Ca 21 ion-chelating organic acids/anions, particularly citrate. These processes leach essential tooth minerals and give rise to an increased susceptibility to decay.…”

“…14 Bioactive glasses comprise oxides of Ca 21 and Na 1 , together with silicates and phosphates in a preselected proportion that ensures surface activity and, synchronously, the ability to chemically bond strongly to both teeth and bone. Indeed, the applications of many bioactive glasses as bone substitutes have been previously investigated in detail.…”

“…Indeed, the applications of many bioactive glasses as bone substitutes have been previously investigated in detail. 12,15,16 Phosphopeptides (isolated from a tryptic digest of casein via aggregation with calcium phosphate and purified via ultrafiltration) 17 have the ability to stabilise nanoclusters of amorphous calcium phosphate, 18 whereas casein bioactive glasses consisting of sodium calcium phosphosilicate derivatives release Ca 21 and phosphate ions in aqueous environments, a process giving rise to localized elevations in pH and osmotic pressure. 19 Indeed, exposed dentin can provide a nucleation site for these ions, which locally generate hydroxycarbonate apatite species.…”

“…20 The mechanism for the process observed on exposure of such bioactive glasses to aqueous biofluid systems primarily involves an exchange of glass-containing Na 1 ions with protons (H 1 ) therein, (e.g., those of human saliva) with a synchronous elevation in pH value. Ca 21 and phosphate ions are then transferred from this material to form a surface layer enriched with these species. Moreover, this process involves a further layer that becomes increasingly silicate-rich in view of the time-dependent removal of Na 1 , Ca 21 , and phosphate ions from the glass.…”