Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the microalgae Nannochloropsis gaditana in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Nacer, Wassila; Ahmed, Fátima; Merzouk, Hafida; Benyagoub, Ouahiba; Bouanane, Samira

doi:10.1007/s40200-020-00681-3

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Few studies have tested Nannochloropsis species on metabolic syndrome. Species such as N. gaditana and N. oculata alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats [13], and a protein hydrolysate of N. oculata showed antihypertensive effects [14]. Omega-3 fatty acids including EPA decreased the signs of metabolic syndrome in the same rat model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome used in the current study [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…N. oculata reduced serum concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL and increased the serum concentrations of insulin and HDL-cholesterol. In another streptozotocin study, rats were fed with N. gaditana (10%) for two months [13]. N. gaditana supplementation decreased concentrations of glucose and HbA 1c and improved renal and hepatic functions while attenuating the oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nannochloropsis oceanica as a Microalgal Food Intervention in Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats

et al. 2021

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The microalgal genus Nannochloropsis has broad applicability to produce biofuels, animal feed supplements and other value-added products including proteins, carotenoids and lipids. This study investigated a potential role of N. oceanica in the reversal of metabolic syndrome. Male Wistar rats (n = 48) were divided into four groups in a 16-week protocol. Two groups were fed either corn starch or high-carbohydrate, high-fat diets (C and H, respectively) for the full 16 weeks. The other two groups received C and H diets for eight weeks and then received 5% freeze-dried N. oceanica in these diets for the final eight weeks (CN and HN, respectively) of the protocol. The H diet was high in fructose and sucrose, together with increased saturated and trans fats. H rats developed obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, fatty liver disease and left ventricular fibrosis. N. oceanica increased lean mass in CN and HN rats, possibly due to the increased protein intake, and decreased fat mass in HN rats. Intervention with N. oceanica did not change cardiovascular, liver and metabolic parameters or gut structure. The relative abundance of Oxyphotobacteria in the gut microbiota was increased. N. oceanica may be an effective functional food against metabolic syndrome as a sustainable protein source.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nannochloropsis oceanica as a Microalgal Food Intervention in Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats

et al. 2021

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“…Microalgae are known to be very resilient and are able to induce a wide range of defense mechanisms to obtain a competitive edge or boost survival, namely by producing secondary metabolites with unique structures, which are not found in any terrestrial species [19,20]. These secondary metabolites act in the human body, with reported antioxidant [21,22], metal chelating [23], anti-cholesterol [24], antimicrobial, immunomodulatory [25], anti-inflammatory [26,27], anti-proliferative [28], and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities [29], among others. This propensity of creating bioactive molecules, which have potential for the treatment and prevention of various diseases (diabetes, cancer, hypertension, neurological diseases, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, among others), has put microalgae in the biotechnological spotlight for applications in a variety of fields, such as human nutrition, pharmaceutical, and medicinal goods [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae as Potential Sources of Bioactive Compounds for Functional Foods and Pharmaceuticals

et al. 2022

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Microalgae are an untapped source of bioactive compounds with various biotechnological applications. Several species are industrially produced and commercialized for the feed or cosmetic industries, however, other applications in the functional food and pharmaceutical markets can be foreseen. In this study, nine industrial/commercial species were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant, calcium-chelating, anti-tumoral, and anti-inflammatory activities. The most promising extracts were fractionated yielding several promising fractions namely, of Tetraselmis striata CTP4 with anti-inflammatory activity (99.0 ± 0.8% reduction in TNF-α production in LPS stimulated human macrophages at 50 µg/mL), of Phaeodactylum Tricornutum with cytotoxicity towards cancerous cell lines (IC50 = 22.3 ± 1.8 μg/mL and 27.5 ± 1.6 μg/mL for THP-1 and HepG2, respectively) and of Porphyridium sp. and Skeletonema sp. with good chelating activity for iron, copper and calcium (IC50 = 0.047, 0.272, 0.0663 mg/mL and IC50 = 0.055, 0.240, 0.0850 mg/mL, respectively). These fractions were chemically characterized by GC–MS after derivatization and in all, fatty acids at various degrees of unsaturation were the most abundant compounds. Some of the species under study proved to be potentially valuable sources of antioxidant, metal chelators, anti-tumoral and anti-inflammatory compounds with possible application in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.

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“…N. gaditana was shown to reduce blood insulin and HbA1c and attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation in STZ-induced diabetic male Wistar rats (10% in feed) [ 122 ]. In the same animal model of T1DM, N. oculata reduced blood glucose and concentrations of glucose, TC, TAG, and LDL cholesterol while increasing the concentrations of insulin and HDL cholesterol [ 123 ].…”

Section: Other Emerging Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Edible Microalgae and Their Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Alterations

et al. 2021

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Marine and freshwater algae and their products are in growing demand worldwide because of their nutritional and functional properties. Microalgae (unicellular algae) will constitute one of the major foods of the future for nutritional and environmental reasons. They are sources of high-quality protein and bioactive molecules with potential application in the modern epidemics of obesity and diabetes. They may also contribute decisively to sustainability through carbon dioxide fixation and minimization of agricultural land use. This paper reviews current knowledge of the effects of consuming edible microalgae on the metabolic alterations known as metabolic syndrome (MS). These microalgae include Chlorella, Spirulina (Arthrospira) and Tetraselmis as well as Isochrysis and Nannochloropsis as candidates for human consumption. Chlorella biomass has shown antioxidant, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, and antihyperlipidemic effects in humans and other mammals. The components of microalgae reviewed suggest that they may be effective against MS at two levels: in the early stages, to work against the development of insulin resistance (IR), and later, when pancreatic -cell function is already compromised. The active components at both stages are antioxidant scavengers and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators such as carotenoids and -3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid; EPA/DHA), prebiotic polysaccharides, phenolics, antihypertensive peptides, several pigments such as phycobilins and phycocyanin, and some vitamins, such as folate. As a source of high-quality protein, including an array of bioactive molecules with potential activity against the modern epidemics of obesity and diabetes, microalgae are proposed as excellent foods for the future. Moreover, their incorporation into the human diet would decisively contribute to a more sustainable world because of their roles in carbon dioxide fixation and reducing the use of land for agricultural purposes.

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Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the microalgae Nannochloropsis gaditana in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Nannochloropsis oceanica as a Microalgal Food Intervention in Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats

Nannochloropsis oceanica as a Microalgal Food Intervention in Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats

Microalgae as Potential Sources of Bioactive Compounds for Functional Foods and Pharmaceuticals

Edible Microalgae and Their Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Alterations

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