Evaluation of the Association Between Medicare Eligibility and Excess Deaths During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US

Wallace, Jacob; Lollo, Anthony; Ndumele, Chima D.

doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.2861

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Because the Datavant mortality data do not contain state identifiers, we are unable to assess data completeness in our individual study states of Florida and Ohio. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Datavant mortality data have been used in other peer-reviewed 15 and publicly available 16 research on excess mortality. The Yale University Institutional Review Board exempted the study from review because the data were deidentified, and reporting adheres to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) reporting guideline.…”

Section: Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Excess Death Rates for Republican and Democratic Registered Voters in Florida and Ohio During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2023

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ImportanceThere is evidence that Republican-leaning counties have had higher COVID-19 death rates than Democratic-leaning counties and similar evidence of an association between political party affiliation and attitudes regarding COVID-19 vaccination; further data on these rates may be useful.ObjectiveTo assess political party affiliation and mortality rates for individuals during the initial 22 months of the COVID-19 pandemic.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA cross-sectional comparison of excess mortality between registered Republican and Democratic voters between March 2020 and December 2021 adjusted for age and state of voter registration was conducted. Voter and mortality data from Florida and Ohio in 2017 linked to mortality records for January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021, were used in data analysis.ExposuresPolitical party affiliation.Main Outcomes and MeasuresExcess weekly deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic adjusted for age, county, party affiliation, and seasonality.ResultsBetween January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021, there were 538 159 individuals in Ohio and Florida who died at age 25 years or older in the study sample. The median age at death was 78 years (IQR, 71-89 years). Overall, the excess death rate for Republican voters was 2.8 percentage points, or 15%, higher than the excess death rate for Democratic voters (95% prediction interval [PI], 1.6-3.7 percentage points). After May 1, 2021, when vaccines were available to all adults, the excess death rate gap between Republican and Democratic voters widened from −0.9 percentage point (95% PI, −2.5 to 0.3 percentage points) to 7.7 percentage points (95% PI, 6.0-9.3 percentage points) in the adjusted analysis; the excess death rate among Republican voters was 43% higher than the excess death rate among Democratic voters. The gap in excess death rates between Republican and Democratic voters was larger in counties with lower vaccination rates and was primarily noted in voters residing in Ohio.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, an association was observed between political party affiliation and excess deaths in Ohio and Florida after COVID-19 vaccines were available to all adults. These findings suggest that differences in vaccination attitudes and reported uptake between Republican and Democratic voters may have been factors in the severity and trajectory of the pandemic in the US.

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Section: Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Excess Death Rates for Republican and Democratic Registered Voters in Florida and Ohio During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2023

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“…We estimated the: 1) change (average marginal effect) in incidence rate at the cutoff; 2) monthly change in incidence rates before (January 2018-May 2020) and after (June 2020-December 2021) the cutoff; and 3) excess cases of GDM after the cutoff using previously published methodology. 4 To rule out seasonal or alternate temporal effects on GDM incidence, falsification testing was performed with May 2019 as an alternate cutoff point. This timepoint, 1 year prior to the primary cutoff point, was selected as it would not be expected to be associated with changes in GDM incidence.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of the Early COVID-19 Pandemic With Gestational Diabetes in the U.S. 2018-2021

Huang,

Petito,

Cameron

et al. 2024

JACC: Advances

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“…In-hospital and out-of-hospital deaths were identified using 3 sources of data: (1) EHR; (2) state Vital Statistics, which collects death certificates with recorded causes of death filed with the state; and (3) a commercial national data source provided by Datavant, which includes deaths from the Social Security Administration’s Death Master File augmented with deaths sourced from funeral homes and newspaper feeds, to construct an individual-level database of more than 80% of the US deaths annually. 21 , 22 Deaths between 2015 and 2020 were analyzed because they were available in all 3 mortality data sources. We used the EHR-deaths as the reference standard to compare the sensitivity and recall measures between the Vital Statistics and the commercial national mortality data source.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation of a data commons for substance misuse related health research through privacy-preserving patient record linkage between hospitals and state agencies

Afshar,

Oguss,

Callaci

et al. 2023

JAMIA Open

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Objectives Substance misuse is a complex and heterogeneous set of conditions associated with high mortality and regional/demographic variations. Existing data systems are siloed and have been ineffective in curtailing the substance misuse epidemic. Therefore, we aimed to build a novel informatics platform, the Substance Misuse Data Commons (SMDC), by integrating multiple data modalities to provide a unified record of information crucial to improving outcomes in substance misuse patients. Materials and Methods The SMDC was created by linking electronic health record (EHR) data from adult cases of substance (alcohol, opioid, nonopioid drug) misuse at the University of Wisconsin hospitals to socioeconomic and state agency data. To ensure private and secure data exchange, Privacy-Preserving Record Linkage (PPRL) and Honest Broker services were utilized. The overlap in mortality reporting among the EHR, state Vital Statistics, and a commercial national data source was assessed. Results The SMDC included data from 36 522 patients experiencing 62 594 healthcare encounters. Over half of patients were linked to the statewide ambulance database and prescription drug monitoring program. Chronic diseases accounted for most underlying causes of death, while drug-related overdoses constituted 8%. Our analysis of mortality revealed a 49.1% overlap across the 3 data sources. Nonoverlapping deaths were associated with poor socioeconomic indicators. Discussion Through PPRL, the SMDC enabled the longitudinal integration of multimodal data. Combining death data from local, state, and national sources enhanced mortality tracking and exposed disparities. Conclusion The SMDC provides a comprehensive resource for clinical providers and policymakers to inform interventions targeting substance misuse-related hospitalizations, overdoses, and death.

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Evaluation of the Association Between Medicare Eligibility and Excess Deaths During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US

Abstract: similar to those of other reliable sources. This cross-sectional regression discontinuity analysis found that entry into Medicare was not associated with the likelihood of death during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Excess Death Rates for Republican and Democratic Registered Voters in Florida and Ohio During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Excess Death Rates for Republican and Democratic Registered Voters in Florida and Ohio During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Association of the Early COVID-19 Pandemic With Gestational Diabetes in the U.S. 2018-2021

Creation of a data commons for substance misuse related health research through privacy-preserving patient record linkage between hospitals and state agencies

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