Evaluation of the biodiesel fuels lubricity using vibration signals and multiresolution analysis

Oliveira, J.J. de; Farias, Aline Cristina Mendes de; Alves, Salete Martins

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2016.12.031

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Diesel fuel cannot be used in its original form; in order to mitigate its harmful effects on the environment, it must go through one or more treatment processes, such as hydro treatment, solvent extraction, and caustic treatment. Because of various national restrictions and stricter quality standards, diesel fuel has a strong trend toward having less sulfur in it [28]. Reformulated diesel fuels are another name for low-sulfur diesel fuels.…”

Section: Regulation Of Diesel Fuel Sulfur Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Impact of Bio-Additives on Tribological Behavior of Diesel Fuels

Zewdie,

Tibba,

Zeleke

et al. 2024

Advances in Tribology

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Automobile engines require lubrication to lessen the impact of friction due to the high levels of wear and frictional heat generated by the sliding parts. Wear and friction will cause engine parts to endure for less time, be less reliable, and require more maintenance. Diesel fuel can potentially be replaced with biodiesel among other fuels. Diesel engines have a serious problem with equipment that is lubricated by the fuel itself. This study’s goal is to assess the influence of bio-additives on the diesel fuel tribological behavior and energy balance during the car’s idle running, acceleration, constant speed, and braking. Lubricity issues with reformulated diesel and lubricity test procedures are explained. The relationship between tribology and bio-additives is also briefly illustrated. According to the literature, adding bio-additives to fuel boosts its lubricity. Biodiesel has long been considered an additive with excellent lubricant properties. Even in small amounts, adding biodiesel to diesel fuel can increase its lubricity without the need for conventional lubricity additives. This is especially true for diesel fuel with ultralow sulfur. Diesel fuel characteristics determine the precise blending percentage needed to provide the proper lubricity of maximum 520 μm testing wear scars with a high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR), although 2% biodiesel nearly invariably imparts adequate lubricity to biodiesel blends. Tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) was one of the bio-additives investigated by HFRR. When the additive concentration was raised from 0 to 500 g/g, the wear scar diameter (WSD) of nonadditive diesel fuel was lowered by 60.3%, from 630 to 250 μm, and the coefficient of friction (COF) was lowered by 95.7%, from 0.47 to 0.02.

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Section: Regulation Of Diesel Fuel Sulfur Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Impact of Bio-Additives on Tribological Behavior of Diesel Fuels

Zewdie,

Tibba,

Zeleke

et al. 2024

Advances in Tribology

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“…Advanced biofuels, including some non-crop and waste-based biofuels, possess important benefits such as higher GHG emission savings and the capacity not to strain food markets [3]. European institutions agreed to specific targets that have been set in a new Renewable Energy Directive (2018/2001) [4] published in December 2018, including 14% of renewable energy in rail and road transport by 2030.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Blends of Diesel Fuel and Advanced Biofuels Based on Their Physical and Thermochemical Properties

et al. 2019

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Current policies focus on encouraging the use of renewable energy sources in transport to reduce the contribution of this sector to global warming and air pollution. In the short-term, attention is focused on developing renewable fuels. Among them, the so-called advanced biofuels, including non-crop and waste-based biofuels, possess important benefits such as higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emission savings and the capacity not to compete with food markets. Recently, European institutions have agreed on specific targets for the new Renewable Energy Directive (2018/2001), including 14% of renewable energy in rail and road transport by 2030. To achieve this, advanced biofuels will be double-counted, and their contribution must be at least 3.5% in 2030 (with a phase-in calendar from 2020). In this work, the fuel properties of blends of regular diesel fuel with four advanced biofuels derived from different sources and production processes are examined. These biofuels are (1) biobutanol produced by microbial ABE fermentation from renewable material, (2) HVO (hydrotreated vegetable oil) derived from hydrogenation of non-edible oils, (3) biodiesel from waste free fatty acids originated in the oil refining industry, and (4) a novel biofuel that combines fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and glycerol formal esters (FAGE), which contributes to a decrease in the excess of glycerol from current biodiesel plants. Blending ratios include 5, 10, 15, and 20% (% vol.) of biofuel, covering the range expected for biofuels in future years. Pure fuels and some higher ratios are considered as well to complete and discuss the tendencies. In the case of biodiesel and FAME/FAGE blends in diesel, ratios up to 20% meet all requirements set in current fuel quality standards. Larger blending ratios are possible for HVO blends if HVO is additivated to lubricity improvers. For biobutanol blends, the recommended blending ratio is limited to 10% or lower to avoid high water content and low cetane number.

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“…Contrarily to GTL, esters (the components of biodiesel fuels), as other fatty acid compounds, are magnificent lubricants since it possesses a polar end in their molecule which is adsorbed on surfaces and a long non-polar chain that provides a thin liquid film that prevents wear. Biodiesel lubricity has been investigated in many publications, either neat 13 or blended 14,15 with fossil diesel fuel but not with paraffinic fuels as it is evaluated in the present work. In biodiesel-diesel blends, the results confirm that biodiesel contents lower than 2% improve lubricity sharply, while the remaining contents do not contribute significantly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lubricity of paraffinic fuels additivated with conventional and non-conventional methyl esters

Rodríguez–Fernández

Ramos

Sánchez-Valdepeñas

et al. 2019

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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Fuel lubricity prevents wear between metallic parts in relative motion inside the injection system of combustion engines. Among diesel fuels, paraffinic (gas-to-liquid or hydrotreated oils) and biodiesel (methyl esters) fuels are emerging since some of them are renewable and, in the case of paraffinic fuels, present excellent properties that can be exploited in compression ignition engines. However, the lubricant properties of raw paraffinic fuels are poor. This work explores the potential of individual methyl esters, found in different biodiesel fuels derived from a wide variety of sources, as lubricity additives for paraffinic fuels. Blends at 1% and 2% ester content in a surrogate of paraffinic fuel were tested under the standardized high-frequency reciprocating rig test for lubricity determination. Results confirm the extremely poor lubricity of the surrogate and that the wear scar diameter measured (the higher this, the lower the fuel lubricity) can be significantly reduced with any of the tested esters just at 1% concentration. Higher ester concentration (2%) does not always improve the lubricity further. The number of double bonds in the ester was revealed very significant, but to boost the lubricity of the blend and fulfill the limits set in fuel quality standards, two or more polyunsaturated esters are necessary.

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Evaluation of the biodiesel fuels lubricity using vibration signals and multiresolution analysis

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

A Review on the Impact of Bio-Additives on Tribological Behavior of Diesel Fuels

A Review on the Impact of Bio-Additives on Tribological Behavior of Diesel Fuels

Selection of Blends of Diesel Fuel and Advanced Biofuels Based on Their Physical and Thermochemical Properties

Lubricity of paraffinic fuels additivated with conventional and non-conventional methyl esters

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