Evaluation of the COVID-19 Laboratory-Based Surveillance System in Islamabad-Pakistan 2020

Mushtaq, Atifa; Ikram, Aamer; Chaudhry, Ambreen; Sandhu, Marva; Khalid, Fawad; Hussain, Shahzad; Khan, Mumtaz Ali; Ansari, Jamil; Salman, Muhammad

doi:10.31646/gbio.73

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The PVP of the system places emphasis on the proportion suspected cases that are confirmed by the surveillance system thus a low PVP may signify non-efficient use of resources as many false positives´ are being tested with system´s laboratory and other resources. These findings are similar to those of Pakistan where PVP was low [ 20 ] but relatively higher from findings in Ghana [ 24 ] where PVP for influenza-like illnesses was very low (7.4%). In Uganda, an evaluation of measles surveillance showed low PVP (8.6%) [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…These suggest some difficulties in the structure and function of reporting, the use of the surveillance software and case base forms. Our findings are similar to those of Pakistan where systems stability, acceptability and flexibility were good [ 20 ] but differ from systems performance on other attributes in same study where the surveillance system was simple with good data quality [ 20 ]. The low simplicity in this study differ from the perspectives of healthcare workers in South Africa, where majority rated notifiable disease surveillance as simple [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

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An evaluation of COVID-19 surveillance system in New Juaben South Municipality of Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Awekeya¹,

Dubik²,

Amegah³

et al. 2021

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction among others, the objectives of Ghana’s COVID-19 surveillance system are to rapidly detect, test, isolate and manage cases, to monitor trends in COVID-19 deaths and to guide the implementation and adjustment of targeted control measures. We therefore aimed to examine the operations of the COVID-19 surveillance system in New Juaben South Municipality, describe its attributes and explore whether its objectives were being met. Methods we utilized a mixed method descriptive study design to evaluate the COVID-19 surveillance system in the New Juaben South Municipality of the Eastern Region of Ghana. Desk review and key informant interviews were carried out from 1 st February to 31 st March 2021 to measure nine surveillance system attributes as an approximation of its performance using the CDC’s 2013 updated surveillance system guidelines. Results while the COVID-19 surveillance system in New Juaben South (NJS) was highly representative of its population, it was rated ‘moderate’ for its stability, flexibility, sensitivity and acceptability. The system was however characterized by a low performance on data quality, simplicity, timeliness and predictive value positive. The sensitivity and predictive value positive (PVP) of the system were 55.6% and 31.3% respectfully. Conclusion while the surveillance system is only partially meeting its objectives, it is useful in the COVID-19 response in New Juaben South Municipality. System performance could improve with stigma reduction especially among health care workers, timely testing and simplification of surveillance forms and software.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

An evaluation of COVID-19 surveillance system in New Juaben South Municipality of Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Awekeya¹,

Dubik²,

Amegah³

et al. 2021

Pan Afr Med J

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“…So, using these strategies government of Pakistan is trying to combat the COVID-19. 8) [44][45][46]. Outcomes of continuing clinical trials are impatiently awaited.…”

Section: Reported Test Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: Outbreak, current scenario and impact on human physiology in Pakistan

Jabeen¹,

Haider²,

Haider³

et al. 2021

Glob J Clin Virol

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Coronavirus that is also known as COVID-19 disease is produced by SARSCoV-2. This causative agent is highly contagious and can cause potentially fatal pneumonia worldwide with serious public health concerns. In the beginning among infected individuals, most of them were those who were mainly shown to the wet animal market in a big city of China known as Wuhan. So, it was suggested that this was almost certainly the zoonotic source of COVID-19illness. The transitional source of origin and their mode of transmission to humans were not known obviously. Conversely, from human to human rapidly transformation have been confi rmed generally. Currently, there is no availability of FDA approved clinically antiviral drugs and/or vaccines to be used against the COVID-19. Afterward, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 has been manifested as the third sketch of an enormously pathogenic coronavirus into human population globally. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the history of COVID-19 in Pakistan up-to 24 th weeks after beginning, current situation, epidemiology, and its impact on the human population. Moreover, we focused on physiological variation during the incubation period, genome analysis of SARS-CoV2, supportive treatment approaches, and safety measures in the Pakistani population, which may be supportive for combating the risk of COVID-19 epidemic. We also reviewed the future approaches for the development of therapeutic interventions and vaccines to cope with the COVID-19 epidemic.

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“…Case detection and contact identification remain the key surveillance objectives for effective containment of COVID-19. A robust surveillance system is essential for correct estimation of the burden of the disease and containment of the pandemic [ 6 ]. To adequately measure the level of COVID-19 pandemic containment, there is need for a robust local and regional epidemiological data [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of COVID-19 case-based surveillance system in FCT, Nigeria, March 2020 –January 2021

et al. 2022

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Introduction The emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 has caused a pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) which has spread exponentially worldwide. A robust surveillance system is essential for correct estimation of the disease burden and containment of the pandemic. We evaluated the performance of COVID-19 case-based surveillance system in FCT, Nigeria and assessed its key attributes. Methods We used a cross-sectional study design, comprising a survey, key informant interview, record review and secondary data analysis. A self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was administered to key stakeholders to assess the attributes and process of operation of the surveillance system using CDC’s Updated Guidelines for Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance System 2001. Data collected alongside surveillance data from March 2020 to January 2021 were analyzed and summarized using descriptive statistics. Results Out of 69,338 suspected cases, 12,595 tested positive with RT-PCR with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 18%. Healthcare workers were identified as high-risk group with a prevalence of 23.5%. About 82% respondents perceived the system to be simple, 85.5% posited that the system was flexible and easily accommodates changes, 71.4% reported that the system was acceptable and expressed willingness to continue participation. Representativeness of the system was 93%, stability 40%, data quality 56.2% and timeliness 45.5%, estimated result turnaround time (TAT) was suboptimal. Conclusion The system was found to be useful, simple, flexible, sensitive, acceptable, with good representativeness but the stability, data quality and timeliness was poor. The system meets initial surveillance objectives but rapid expansion of sample collection and testing sites, improvement of TAT, sustainable funding, improvement of electronic database, continuous provision of logistics, supplies and additional trainings are needed to address identified weaknesses, optimize the system performance and meet increasing need of case detection in the wake of rapidly spreading pandemic. More risk-group persons should be tested to improve surveillance effectiveness.

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Evaluation of the COVID-19 Laboratory-Based Surveillance System in Islamabad-Pakistan 2020

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

An evaluation of COVID-19 surveillance system in New Juaben South Municipality of Ghana: a cross-sectional study

An evaluation of COVID-19 surveillance system in New Juaben South Municipality of Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: Outbreak, current scenario and impact on human physiology in Pakistan

Performance of COVID-19 case-based surveillance system in FCT, Nigeria, March 2020 –January 2021

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