Evaluation of the effects of ozone on yield of Japanese rice (Oryza sativa L.) based on stomatal ozone uptake

Breeding of ozone resistant rice: Relevance, approaches and challenges

“…The most realistic yield loss estimates were obtained from FACE experiments conducted in the field in China, where yield losses up to 17.5 percent were seen due to an increase in ozone by around 30 percent above the current ambient concentration. Yield components contributing to lower grain yields in different studies included a lower number of spikelets per panicle (Wang et al, 2012a(Wang et al, , 2012c(Wang et al, , 2014b, higher spikelet sterility (Yamaguchi et al, 2014), and lower individual grain mass (Frei et al, 2012a;Wang et al, 2012a). Reduced tillering was also observed under ozone stress (Akhtar et al, 2010;Frei et al, 2008), although the number of panicles was not found to be a critical factor determining ozone induced yield losses under field conditions (Shi et al, 2009).…”

“…Cultivars with faster stomatal dynamics may have a better control of gas exchanges even under ozone-induced stomatal sluggishness (Paoletti and Grulke, 2010). In the case of rice, Yamaguchi et al (2014) demonstrated that stomatal ozone uptake can explain a large portion of environmental variability in ozone damage and yield losses. Since only one cultivar was used in their study, they did not evaluate whether genotypic differences in stomatal aperture were related to ozone tolerance, and could thus constitute a target trait for tolerance breeding.…”

SLCP co-control approach in East Asia: Tropospheric ozone reduction strategy by simultaneous reduction of NO x /NMVOC and methane

“…The extremely high emissions of NO x , CO 2 and other air pollutants bring about serious deterioration of air quality in East Asia and large contribution to global climate change. Particularly, East Asia is evidenced by one of the highest ozone pollution area of the world , and it is much concerned from the point of adverse impacts on human health (Kim et al, 2004;Zhang et al, 2006;Nawada et al, 2013), crops yields (Tang et al, 2014;Yamaguchi et al, 2014), and forest tree health (Hoshika et al, 2011;Wang et al 2013, Feng et al, 2014. Therefore, in order to promote the SLCPs control policy in Asia, more benefits on air quality improvement should be emphasized and secured.…”

Evaluation of O₃ effect on net photosynthetic rate in flag leaves of rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) by stomatal O₃ flux and radical scavenging enzyme activities

“…where [O 3 ] air is the hourly mean atmospheric concentration of O 3 and g sto is the hourly mean stomatal diffusive conductance to O 3 estimated from the Jarvis-type stomatal conductance model (Jarvis, 1976;Emberson et al, 2000), parameterized for Japanese rice by Yamaguchi et al (2014). In the calculation of POD 0 , the O 3 concentration within intracellular spaces was zero (Laisk et al, 1989).…”

“…Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate O 3 effects on plants based on not only cumulative flux of O 3 but also leaf cellular detoxification capacity. In our previous report, the O 3 -induced reduction in the yield of Japanese rice was evaluated based on cumulative stomatal O 3 flux (Yamaguchi et al, 2014). However, leaf detoxification capacity was not considered in our evaluation.…”