Evaluation of the Effects of the Sedation with Azaperone/Acepromazine and Immobilization with Guaiphenesin/Thiopentone in Mules

Carmona, JU; Giraldo, Carlos Eduardo; Aristizabal, W.; García, Alma A.; Vallejo, L. G.

doi:10.1007/s11259-006-3394-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In group KD hypothalamic centre suppression by dexmedetomidine might have lead to relaxation of intercostal muscles and decreased the respiration rate.In all groups, the rectal temperature decreased during anaesthesia till last observation. Similar type of observations in drop of rectal temperature during anesthesia was available in literature (Carmona et al, 2007). Fall in rectal temperature was significant (p<0.05) in group KD from base line and from other groups between 30 to 60 minutes observations.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Clinical and Hematological Effect of Constant Rate Infusion of Ketamine Alone and Ketamine-dexmedetomidine Combination on Isoflurane Anesthesia in Horses

Gopinathan,

Singh,

et al. 2024

IJAR

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Background: Anaesthetic management of horses for a successful surgery is of utmost importance but a risky procedure than other companion animals. Peri-aneasthetic morbidity and mortality in horses could be alarming if proper combinations of drugs were not used. Balanced anaesthetic combinations are being explored by various authors to find safer combinations.Therefore current study was planned to evaluate the effect of CRI of ketamine alone and ketamine-dexmedetomidine combination for isoflurane anesthesia in horses. Methods: Twenty four clinical cases of horses were randomly divided into three groups S, D and DK, having eight animals in each. Xylazine (1 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.05 mg/kg) were given intravenously for premedication and ketamine (2 mg/kg) and midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) were used for induction of anesthesia. Normal saline (1000 ml/hour), ketamine alone (2 mg/kg/hr), ketamine (2 mg/kg/hr) and dexmedetomidine (2 µg/kg/hr) combination were given as CRI in groups S, K and KD, respectively. Thiopentone sodium (200 mg bolus, 5%) was given as fast intravenous to facilitate endotracheal intubation in some of the cases. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen and anesthetic efficacy was evaluated based on clinical and haematological parameters. Result: Overall quality of sedation, muscle relaxation, response to surgical stimuli, quality of intubation, anesthetic depth and quality of recovery was significantly (p less than 0.05) better in group KD. Down-time (min) and duration of anesthesia were non significantly less in group KD. CRI of ketamine and dexmedetomidine combination was having significant (p less than 0.05) thiopentone sodium and isoflurane sparing effect. Heart rateand RR, did not show any significant variation among groups but rectal temperature was significantly low in KD group than groups S and K. CRI of ketamine-Dexmedetomidine combination produced a better quality of anesthesia and significant thiopentone sodium and isoflurane sparing effect thus was found suitable for anesthesia of horses.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Clinical and Hematological Effect of Constant Rate Infusion of Ketamine Alone and Ketamine-dexmedetomidine Combination on Isoflurane Anesthesia in Horses

Gopinathan,

Singh,

et al. 2024

IJAR

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“…A decrease in RR in group S might be due to thiopental which causes transient apnoea due to direct depression of the respiratory centre in the medulla. In all groups, the rectal temperature decreased during anaesthesia (Fig 2) (Carmona et al, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of Constant Rate Infusion of Different Anaesthetic Adjuvants Undergoing Thiopentone Sodium Total Intravenous Anaesthesia in Horses

Shivaramu

Gopinathan

Singh

et al. 2022

IJAR

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Background: Co-administration of anesthetic adjuvants as continuous rate infusion (CRI) can be controlled and hence is considered safer, as it can reduce the cardiopulmonary alterations in horses and is also adaptable in field conditions. Hence this study was planned to evaluate the effect of CRI of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, butorphanol and midazolam during thiopentone TIVA in horses. Methods: Thirty horses were randomly divided into five groups S, D, K, B and M having six animals in each. Premedication was done with Xylazine (1 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.05 mg/kg) intravenously. Ketamine (2 mg/kg) and midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) were used IV for induction. CRI of normal saline alone, dexmedetomidine @ 2 µg/kg/hr., butorphanol @ 0.2 mg/kg/hr., midazolam @ 0.2 mg/kg/hr. and ketamine @ 2 mg/kg/hr. were administered in groups S, D, B, M and K, respectively. Thiopentone sodium (5%) was given as a fast intravenous bolus whenever required to provide adequate anesthesia. Depth of anesthesia was evaluated on the based on clinical, haemato-biochemical, hemodynamic and endocrine variables. Result: First head lift, sternal recumbency time, standing time and quality of recovery showed no significant difference between the groups. Heart rate, RR, RT, SBP, DBP, CVP and MAP, BUN, creatinine, ALT, AST, cortisol, ACTH and ghrelin did not show significant variation among groups. Hb, PCV, TLC, TEC and neutrophil found significantly decreased and blood glucose remained significantly higher than the baseline value in all groups post induction. CRI of ketamine produced a better quality of recovery and thiopentone sparing effect and was found suitable for moderating stress response to anesthesia, inflammation and metabolic changes in horses administered with TIVA.

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Clinical Pharmacology in Donkeys and Mules

Mendoza

Pérez-Écija

Toribio

2019

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice

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Evaluation of the Effects of the Sedation with Azaperone/Acepromazine and Immobilization with Guaiphenesin/Thiopentone in Mules

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Clinical and Hematological Effect of Constant Rate Infusion of Ketamine Alone and Ketamine-dexmedetomidine Combination on Isoflurane Anesthesia in Horses

Clinical and Hematological Effect of Constant Rate Infusion of Ketamine Alone and Ketamine-dexmedetomidine Combination on Isoflurane Anesthesia in Horses

Effect of Constant Rate Infusion of Different Anaesthetic Adjuvants Undergoing Thiopentone Sodium Total Intravenous Anaesthesia in Horses

Clinical Pharmacology in Donkeys and Mules

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