Evaluation of the effects of grading and starvation on the lysosomal membrane stability in pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) by using neutral red retention assay

Gill damage and neurotoxicity of ammonia nitrogen on the clam Ruditapes philippinarum

“…When there was a sudden food shortage, the decreased retention periods of neutral red in the control clams suggested that food shortage could cause cellular damage to the normal clams. Similar phenomena were also detected in oysters Crassotrea gigas (Thunberg) (Zhang and Li 2006). Therefore, the clams were fed during the subsequent experiment period.…”

Starvation-induced Changes of Hemocyte Parameters in the Zhikong Scallop Chlamys farreri

“…In the present study, the significant increase of ACP activity in cellfree hemolymph from satiated and starved scallops after 40 days treatment, which correspond to the decrease of ACP activity in hemocyte lysate, may result from destabilization of lysosomal membranes induced by gametogenesis or food deprivation (Zhang & Li, 2006). In northern China, C. farreri is usually sexually mature from the middle of the May to July, when temperatures are high.…”

Spawning-dependent stress response to food deprivation in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

“…Even within a tidal cycle, both quantity and quality of seston can vary as 39 much as across seasons (Peterson and Black, 1987). Particularly in nutrient poor areas 40 (i.e., with low terrestrial nutrient input or upwelling), oysters are frequently subject to low 41 food supply (Zhang and Li, 2006). Most nutrition studies in oysters have focused on the 42 effects of dietary deficiency on growth (e.g., Whyte et al, 1990; Garcia-Esquivel et al, crop can be lost in a given year, and these losses can be even higher in some areas 49 (Renault and Cochennec, 1994;Cheney et al, 2000).…”

“…A recent study showed that hemocyte density and 96 phenoloxidase activity decreased significantly under starvation (Butt et al, 2007). The 97 stability of lysosomal membrane was also significantly decreased in starved oysters 98 (Zhang and Li, 2006 In the food deprivation treatments, three replicate batches (n = 75) of both pre-and 132 post-spawning oysters were kept in 5 µm filtered seawater. In the feeding treatments 133…”