Evaluation of the Efficacy of Probiotics in vitro Against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Causative Agent of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease in Shrimp

Abstract

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is a devastating disease affecting aquaculture shrimp industry around the world. Probiotics may provide an effective approach to reduce the detrimental impact of this disease in shrimp ponds. The present study was conducted to determine the inhibitory effects of probiotics against the Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain that causes AHPND. Probiotic solutions (whole microbial cultures and supernatants) consisting of three microbial cultures including Lactobacillus casei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Rhodopseudomonas palustris individually and in various combinations were tested against V. parahaemolyticus. Disk diffusion tests and challenge tests in liquid media were conducted. Findings revealed inhibition zones with greater diameters in disks treated with whole microbial cultures (min: 7.83 mm, max: 11.33 mm) in comparison to those treated with only supernatants (min: 7.00 mm, max: 8.50 mm). Results from the challenge test showed greater inactivation of the pathogen after 48 h (6.56 ± 0.07 to 5.43 ± 0.03 log 10 reduction) when treated with L. casei and L. casei in combination with other two probiotics. In conclusion, the probiotic solutions that included L. casei, the combination of L. casei and R. palustris, and the combination of L. casei, S. cerevisiae and R. palustris have the potential for inhibiting AHPND in shrimp aquaculture.

Effects of Feed Mixed with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus Supplied to the Water on the Growth and Survival Rate of White Leg Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) Infected with Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease Caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus

“…In order to restrain AHPND, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) mixed with feed counter V. parahaemolyticus bacteria are used, which is one of the methods used to improve shrimp growth, enhance the immune system, and prevent disease [ 6 ]. Lactic acid bacteria are widely used in human and animal probiotics to stimulate digestion and prevent a number of bacterial diseases.…”

Selection of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) Antagonizing Vibrio parahaemolyticus: The Pathogen of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) in Whiteleg Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)

“…Presently, LAB are being selected to supplement in aquaculture feed because of its benefits such as removing pathogens [10,11], providing nutrition and enzyme for digestion [12], and enhancing the immune system of animals [10,[13][14][15]. The combination between couple of strains of L. Casei and S.cerevisiae or triple of strains from L. casei, S. cerevisiae, and R. palustris revealed the better inhibiting AHPND for shrimp culture [16]. The maintenance population diversified useful bacteria and caused a decreased risk of AHPND in shrimp ponds [17].…”