Evaluation of the Efficacy of an Attenuated Live Vaccine against Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Young Pigs

Xue, Lei; Li, Zhenguang; Xia, Mingqi; He, Yanliang; Wu, Hua

doi:10.1128/cvi.05646-11

Cited by 66 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Live attenuated vaccine immunization can stimulate humoral immunity and cellular immunity in pigs, bring broader protection against heterologous PRRSV strains. At present, three additional commercial Highly pathogenic PRRS modified live virus vaccines (HP PRRS MLV), JXA-1R [1][2][3], TJM-F92 and HuN4-F112, were all introduced into the Chinese swine industry, all providing adequate protection of pigs to HP-PRRSV infection [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and heat resistance study of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus sugar glass vaccine

Lv¹,

Lu²,

ZhengLin

et al. 2016

Vaccine

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and heat resistance study of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus sugar glass vaccine

Lv¹,

Lu²,

ZhengLin

et al. 2016

Vaccine

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“…This means that vaccines derived from the NA-type PRRSVs cannot provide completely effective protection against HP-PRRSV. After the outbreak of HP-PRRSV, the HUN4 and TJM vaccine strains provided effective protection in young pigs against the virulent parental HP-PRRS strain (15,26). Here, we described a newly developed HP-PRRSV vaccine candidate, JXA1-R, which is efficacious in the prevention of clinical infection caused by the parental JXA1 virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…show varying and sometimes no effectiveness against heterologous strains (13)(14)(15). In addition, acute PRRS-like disease and atypical PRRS, clinical consequences of PRRS characterized by abortion and high mortality in pregnant gilts, were reported for MLV-vaccinated pigs (16,17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inoculation with vaccines (especially live attenuated vaccines) can provide protection against PRRSV infections and prevent the spread of this disease. Currently, many modified live-attenuated PRRSV vaccines, such as Ingelvac ATP, RespPRRS/Repro1 ATP, RespPRRS MLV, and CH-1R, have been successfully employed (15). All of the vaccines against PRRSV are generally effective against homologous strains but 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 82 90 100 Nucleotide ORF1a NSP1␤ 749 A G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 905 G A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 913 T T T T T C C C C C C C C C C C NSP2 1904 T T T T T T T T T T T …”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Safety and Efficacy of an Attenuated Live Vaccine Based on Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Zhou

Cao

et al. 2015

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The safety and efficacy of the JXA1-R vaccine, an attenuated strain of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV), were examined using an intramuscular challenge model in piglets. The JXA1-R vaccine was obtained by passing HP-PRRSV JXA1 through Marc-145 cells (82nd passage). Genomic sequence comparisons showed that strain JXA1-R and its parental strain, JXA1, differ by 47 amino acids, and most of these differences are scattered throughout the PRRSV genome. Four-week-old PRRSV-free piglets were inoculated intramuscularly with JXA1-R vaccine (10 3.0 , 10 4.0 , 10 5.0 , 10 6.0 , and 10 7.0 50% tissue culture infective doses [TCID 50 ]/ml for groups 1 to 5, respectively) and then challenged intramuscularly with the 5th passage virus of JXA1 virus (JXA1-F5, 3 ml ؋ 10 4.5 TCID 50 /ml) 28 days after inoculation. The humoral immune response, swine growth, clinical signs, and differential organ lesions were monitored. The results showed that all vaccinated piglets had a perceptible humoral immune response to vaccination after day 7, which then promptly increased, almost reaching the maximum sample/positive (S/P) ratio value at 28 days postimmunization. Viremia detection indicated that the viral replication levels of the challenge virus in the immunized groups (immunization doses >104.0 /ml) were significantly lower than that of the virus-challenged unvaccinated control group. Piglets in groups 2 to 5 were effectively protected against lethal HP-PRRSV infection and did not show any obvious changes in body temperature or clinical signs of disease at any point during the experiment. However, two of five piglets in group 1 showed mild pathological lesions and transitory high fever. These results suggest that JXA1-R (TCID 50 /ml >10 4.0 ) is sufficiently attenuated and can provide effective protection against the lethal wild-type HP-PRRSV. P orcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) was first discovered in the United States in 1987 (1, 2). It is characterized by reproductive failure in pregnant sows and respiratory disorder in growing swine. PRRS has spread through most of the world's swine-producing regions and has caused substantial economic losses to the swine industry worldwide.PRRS virus (PRRSV) is the causative agent of PRRS. It is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the family Arteriviridae, order Nidovirales (3, 4). The viral genome is approximately 15 kb in size and contains 10 open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1a, ORF1b, ORF2a, ORF2b, ORF3, ORF4, ORF5a, ORF5, ORF6, and ORF7 (5-8). Among these ORFs, ORF1a encodes 9 nonstructural proteins (NSPs), including NSP1␣, NSP1␤, and NSP2 to NSP8; ORF1b encodes NSP9 to NSP12. ORF1a and ORF1b encode the viral nonstructural proteins, which are involved in viral replication and transcription. ORF2a, ORF2b, and ORFs 3 to 7 encode the viral structural proteins GP2, E, GP3, GP4, GP5a, GP5, M, and N, respectively (5-8). The ORF5a protein is a novel structural protein in PRRSV, which is encoded by an alternate...

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“…Two types of PRRSV vaccines are now available commercially: an inactivated vaccine and the modified-live virus vaccine. Several live attenuated North American-lineage PRRSV vaccines, such as Ingelvac1 ATP, RespPRRS MLV, RespPRRS/ Repro1 ATP, and CH-1R, have been successfully employed in field [7], and induce higher protection rates than with inactivated vaccines. To respond to the recently emerged HP-PRRSV, new live attenuated vaccines were developed by passaging HP-PRRSV isolates in MARC-145 cell lines [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction and in vitro evaluation of a recombinant live attenuated PRRSV expressing GM-CSF

Zhou

Jiang

et al. 2014

Virology Journal

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Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to be an important problem for the swine industry. Inactivated vaccines and modified-live virus vaccines are widely used in the field; however, the efficacy of these PRRSV vaccines is suboptimal due to poor immunogenicity. Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been extensively used as an effective genetic and protein adjuvant to enhance the efficiencies vaccines expressing tumor or pathogen antigens. The purpose of this study was to determine if GM-CSF could increase the efficiency of PRRSV vaccine. Methods: The GM-CSF gene was inserted in the HuN4-F112 vaccine strain by overlap PCR. The expression of GM-CSF by the recombinant virus was confirmed with methods of indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) and Western blotting. The stability of recombinant virus was assessed by cDNA sequence and IFA after 20 passages. To detect the biological activity of GM-CSF expressed by the recombinant virus, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were isolated and co-cultured with the recombinant virus or parental virus and the surface phenotypes of BMDCs were examined by flow cytometric analysis. The cytokines secreted by BMDCs infected with PRRSV, or treated with LPS, GM-CSF or medium alone were evaluated by ProcartaPlexTM Multiplex Immunoassays and qRT-PCR. Results: A novel modified-live PRRSV vaccine strain expressing GM-CSF (rHuN4-GM-CSF) was successfully constructed and rescued. The GM-CSF protein was stable expressed in recombinant virus-infected cells after 20 passages. Analysis of virus replication kinetics showed that the novel vaccine strain expressing GM-CSF had a similar replication rate as the parental virus. In vitro studies showed that infection of porcine BMDCs with rHuN4-GM-CSF resulted in increased surface expression of MHCI+, MHCII + and CD80/86+ that was dependent on virus expressed GM-CSF. The expression of representative cytokines was significantly up-regulated when BMDCs were incubated with the recombinant GM-CSF expressing virus.

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Evaluation of the Efficacy of an Attenuated Live Vaccine against Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Young Pigs

Cited by 66 publications

References 30 publications

Preparation and heat resistance study of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus sugar glass vaccine

Preparation and heat resistance study of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus sugar glass vaccine

Assessment of the Safety and Efficacy of an Attenuated Live Vaccine Based on Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Construction and in vitro evaluation of a recombinant live attenuated PRRSV expressing GM-CSF

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