Evaluation of the Efficiency of Basic Sanitation Integrated Management in Brazilian Municipalities

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the level of technical efficiency of companies that perform the integrated management of basic sanitation in Brazilian municipalities. A Multiple Data Envelopment Analysis (M-DEA) model was applied to estimate the performance of water supply and sewage services in 1628 municipalities covering more than 56% of the Brazilian population, identifying the factors that most influence the efficiency of the sector in the years 2008 and 2016. The M-DEA methodology is an extension of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with multiple DEA executions considering all combinations of inputs and outputs to calculate efficiency scores. The methodology reduces possible biases in the selection of resources and products of the model, ability to support decision-making in favor of improvements in the sector′s efficiency based on national regulatory framework. The analyses show that the companies analyzed can increase their operating results and attendance coverage by more than 60%, given the current levels of infrastructure, human and financial resources in the sector. Based on the simulation of potential efficiency gains in Brazilian basic sanitation companies, the estimates show that the coverage of the population with access to sanitary sewage would go from the current 59.9% to 76.5%. The evidence found provides indications to subsidize sanitation management in the country at the micro-analytical level, enabling a better competitive position in the sector for the integrated management of basic sanitation and its universalization in Brazil.

Complexing Governance Styles: Connecting Politics and Policy in Governance Theories

“…Brazil is a country with a high deficit in providing public sanitation services, including the supply of treated water and sewage collection (Cavalcanti et al, 2020). In general, this low supply reproduces regional inequalities.…”

Methodology for a Comprehensive Health Impact Assessment in Water Supply and Sanitation Programmes for Brazil

“…As a result, the Brazilian National Sanitation Information System reported that 16% of the population of Brazil cannot access a water supply network, 46% are not connected to a sanitation network, and 22% of the wastewater produced is not treated [24]. According to Cavalcanti et al [25] by improving the performance of those companies involved in the integrated management of basic sanitation, and thereby addressing these issues, there is potential for access to a sanitation network across Brazil to increase to 76.5%. Ferreira et al [26] identify that the provision of adequate drinking water facilities would improve human health by reducing the numbers of hospitalisations due to water-related disease, could positively impact the whole population, and would bring Brazil closer to the situation in developed countries.…”

Technical and Scale Efficiency of the Brazilian Municipalities’ Water and Sanitation Services: A Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis

“…Indeed, after the seminal work of Tupper and Resende [35] on the efficiency and regulatory issues in the Brazilian WSSs, several other publications gradually surfaced, namely, Seroa da Motta and Moreira [9], Ferro et al [17], Carvalho et al [18], Carvalho and Sampaio [8], Barbosa et al [11], Cavalcanti et al [36], Cetrulo et al [26], Ferreira et al [21], and Tourinho et al [16]. Nevertheless, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no studies in the literature that are focused on investigating the existence of (dis)economies of scale in the Brazilian WSSs.…”