Evaluation of the Extremely-Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) on Growth of Bacteria Escherichia coli

Abstract

The goal of this work was to evaluate the biological effect of the extremely-low-frequencies. We started by evaluating the effect of frequencies with the anti-bacterial functions listed in the Rife frequency database on the growth of Escherichia coli. Among the 11 sets of frequencies tested, we found that only one set comprising frequencies below 100 Hz showed a significant effect on the growth of E. coli, and it was an enhancement effect instead of an inhibition on growth. We further tested various sets of frequencies without anti-bacterial functions but comprising frequencies below 100 Hz, and they all exhibited significant promoting effect on the growth of E. coli when exposed to the irradiation for 1 h. We further evaluated the effect of the extremely low-frequency on the growth of E. coli by scanning from 0-100 Hz. The results showed that the growth rate was noticeably enhanced for the group exposed to the irradiation at the range of 0-100 Hz, with the range of 40-60 Hz being the most effective. In addition, the effect was time-dependent, demonstrated by a significant increase of growth rate observed after exposure of 1h but a slight decrease for exposure of 16 h. The results of this study provided robust data on the biological effect of ELF on the growth of E. coli, an important group of human microbiota, which has critical implication on the safety risk of these frequencies on human health.

Chroococcus minutus Growth and Toxicity Inhibition Using Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Fields

“…In our study, the resonance frequency effects of 0.5Hz were investigated at various exposure times, with 60min of exposure causing the death of all C. minutus cells within 48h of incubation. Previous research on cyanobacteria determined that Anabaena circinalis and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii were most susceptible to growth inhibition by ELF-EMFs at a resonance frequency of 0.7Hz (Chen et al, 2019). In addition, our research revealed that 0.5Hz ELF-EMF decreased the chlorophyll-a concentration in C. minutus cell cultures.…”

Resistance of Broiler Meat through Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields of 700 µT and 900 µT Intensities and Safety Risks to Health

“…Exposure to ELF electromagnetic waves (40-100 Hz) for 1 hour can increase the growth of E. coli bacteria, but after 16 hours of exposure, it has decreased (Chen et al, 2019). ELF-EMF exposure with a frequency of 7 Hz can inhibit cell growth in Anabaena culture compared to controls.…”

Radiasi Medan Elektromagnetik pada Jangkauan Frekuensi Sangat Rendah (Extremely Low Frequency) di Lingkungan Kampus Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta

“…Interaksi yang terjadi antara materi biologi dengan medan elektromagnetik ELF dapat berefek bahaya, yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor frekuensi maupun panjang gelombang, kepadatan medan serta waktu paparan. Adapun faktor penting lain yang juga berpengaruh terhadap dampak buruk interaksi tersebut yaitu status fungsional, sensitivitas materi biologi yang terpapar, jarak dari sumber radiasi dan vaskularisasi bagian yang diradiasi juga perlu dipertimbangkan (Boga et al, 2016;Y. Chen et al, 2019;Min et al, 2021).…”