Evaluation of the FAMACHA© system for targeted selective anthelmintic treatments for potential use in small ruminants in Greece

Papadopoulos, Elias; Gallidis, E.; Ptochos, S.; Fthenakis, George C.

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.11.019

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The FAMACHA system (van Wyk and Bath 2002), in which the conjunctival mucous membranes of sheep and goats are inspected and scored against a colour chart to indicate anaemia caused by H contortus , has proved to be a practical, effective and popular tool for controlling this parasite (Leask and others 2013), and captures resilience to parasites in breeding programmes (Riley and van Wyk 2011). The limitations of this system in Europe largely concern the ubiquity of mixed nematode infections and the presence of other blood feeding parasites, for example, liver fluke, such that anaemia alone cannot reliably reflect impact of roundworms on the animal (Di Loria and others 2009, Papadopoulos and others 2013). …”

Section: Recent Tt/tst Studies In Small Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practices to optimise gastrointestinal nematode control on sheep, goat and cattle farms in Europe using targeted (selective) treatments

Morgan²,

et al. 2014

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Due to the development of anthelmintic resistance, there have been calls for more sustainable nematode control practices. Two important concepts were introduced to study and promote the sustainable use of anthelmintics: targeted treatments (TT), where the whole flock/herd is treated based on knowledge of the risk, or parameters that quantify the severity of infection; and targeted selective treatments (TST), where only individual animals within the grazing group are treated. The aim of the TT and TST approaches is to effectively control nematode-induced production impacts while preserving anthelmintic efficacy by maintaining a pool of untreated parasites in refugia. Here, we provide an overview of recent studies that assess the use of TT/TST against gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants and investigate the economic consequences, feasibility and knowledge gaps associated with TST. We conclude that TT/TST approaches are ready to be used and provide practical benefits today. However, a major shift in mentality will be required to make these approaches common practice in parasite control.

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Section: Recent Tt/tst Studies In Small Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practices to optimise gastrointestinal nematode control on sheep, goat and cattle farms in Europe using targeted (selective) treatments

Morgan²,

et al. 2014

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“…This could be explained by a dominant contribution of nematodes other than H. contortus to total FEC (Papadopoulos et al, 2013), which is especially likely in winter in temperate climates, due to seasonal arrest of immature H. contortus stages (Waller et al, 2004). Ideally, this would have been confirmed by identification of the species composition of FEC by coprological culture or other methods, which were not possible in the present study due to logistical constraints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

FAMACHA © : A potential tool for targeted selective treatment of chronic fasciolosis in sheep

Olah

Wyk

Wall

et al. 2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…They performed detailed investigation of 75 such clinical cases in the four sheep flocks; methodology has been presented by Vasileiou et al (2015). During the examination of the mucous membranes of the eyes, they assigned one of the five scores available in the FAMACHA © system eye colour chart (Vatta et al, 2001;Papadopoulos et al, 2013), with scores ranging from '1' (='red, non-anaemic mucous membrane') to '5' (='white, severely anaemic mucous membrane'); in order to avoid inter-observer error, clinical examination of the animals and score assignment was always performed by the same investigator, a principal author in the current paper (NGCV). Modal score was '4' (='pink-white, anaemic mucous membrane') and 87% of animals examined were assigned a score indicating anaemia ( Fig.…”

Section: Clinical Investigations In Sheep Flocks In Central Greecementioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences from the 2014 outbreak of bluetongue in Greece

Vasileiou

Fthenakis

Amiridis

et al. 2016

Small Ruminant Research

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a b s t r a c tObjective of this paper was to review relevant work and to present a general account of the bluetongue outbreak, which occurred in Greece in 2014. In total, 2895 outbreaks of the disease have been reported by the veterinary authorities of Greece; sheep, goats and cattle were affected with officially reported morbidity rates of 11.0%, 2.0% and 3.5%, respectively. No vaccinations were allowed and conservative measures were implemented to attempt to limit the disease, which at the end had expanded throughout the country. In field investigations, a significantly higher bluetongue morbidity rate (27.5%) in sheep has been reported. During that work, clinical anaemia was encountered, which was characterised as macrocytic, hypochromic, regenerative and non-haemolytic. Other investigations, which are reviewed in this paper, have described an outbreak of Citrobacter freundii-associated enteritis in newborn kids, offspring of goats subclinically infected with Bluetongue virus, increased rate of early embryonic deaths, reduced conception rates, increased incidence risk of mastitis and reduced milk yield in herds of subclinicallyinfected cattle and detection of the virus from hunter-harvested tissue samples of roe-deer. In 2015, vaccines against the disease have been licenced; vaccinations started in May 2015. Then, in 2015, only one outbreak of the disease was confirmed, which could have been the result of a combination of reasons acting concurrently to prevent further cases.

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Evaluation of the FAMACHA© system for targeted selective anthelmintic treatments for potential use in small ruminants in Greece

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Practices to optimise gastrointestinal nematode control on sheep, goat and cattle farms in Europe using targeted (selective) treatments

Practices to optimise gastrointestinal nematode control on sheep, goat and cattle farms in Europe using targeted (selective) treatments

FAMACHA © : A potential tool for targeted selective treatment of chronic fasciolosis in sheep

Experiences from the 2014 outbreak of bluetongue in Greece

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