Evaluation of the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in a population exposed to prolonged low dose-rate 60 Co γ-irradiation

Hsieh, Wanhua Annie; Ni, Chyiyao; Hwang, Jeng Jong; Fang, Jye‐Siung; Lin, Shuan Pei; Lin, Yi-Ping; Huang, Tsai-Wang; Chang, Wushou P.

doi:10.1080/09553000210132289

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Otherwise 2p amplifications have rarely been described in non-SCLC. Neither has the region at 14q11.2, to our knowledge, been reported to be altered in lung cancer, but it has been assumed to be involved in chromosomal aberrations (inversions and translocations) in the blood samples of a population exposed to prolonged low dose-rate 60 Co g-irradiation (27). This could be interesting, considering that radiation might cause similar aberrations as asbestos through the production of ROS (28).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of Specific Gene Copy Number Changes in Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer

et al. 2006

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Asbestos is a well-known lung cancer-causing mineral fiber. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that asbestos can cause chromosomal damage and aberrations. Lung tumors, in general, have several recurrently amplified and deleted chromosomal regions. To investigate whether a distinct chromosomal aberration profile could be detected in the lung tumors of heavily asbestos-exposed patients, we analyzed the copy number profiles of 14 lung tumors from highly asbestosexposed patients and 14 matched tumors from nonexposed patients using classic comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). A specific profile could lead to identification of the underlying genes that may act as mediators of tumor formation and progression. In addition, array CGH analyses on cDNA microarrays (13,000 clones) were carried out on 20 of the same patients. Classic CGH showed, on average, more aberrations in asbestos-exposed than in nonexposed patients, and an altered region in chromosome 2 seemed to occur more frequently in the asbestos-exposed patients. Array CGH revealed aberrations in 18 regions that were significantly associated with either of the two groups. The most significant regions were 2p21-p16.3, 5q35.3, 9q33.3-q34.11, 9q34.13-q34.3, 11p15.5, 14q11.2, and 19p13.1-p13.3 (P < 0.005). Furthermore, 11 fragile sites coincided with the 18 asbestos-associated regions (P = 0.08), which may imply preferentially caused DNA damage at these sites. Our findings are the first evidence, indicating that asbestos exposure may produce a specific DNA damage profile. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(11): 5737-43)

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of Specific Gene Copy Number Changes in Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer

et al. 2006

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“…Biological dosimetry based on chromosomal damage to peripheral blood lymphocytes after accidental overexposure to radiation was first performed in 1962 [40]. Increased frequencies of various chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of radiation exposed individuals have been observed [41]. The FISH analysis of human tumor cell lines with a wide range of radiosensitivities revealed a dose-dependent increase in radiationinduced chromosomal aberrations [42] indicating the usefulness of chromosome aberrations as a potential predictor of intrinsic radiosensitivity.…”

Section: Chromosome-aberration-based Biodosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers for human radiation exposure

Chaudhry

2008

J Biomed Sci

101

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There is a concern over the potential use of radioactive isotopes as a weapon of terror. The detonation of a radiation dispersal device, the so-called "dirty bomb" can lead to public panic. In order to estimate risks associated with radiation exposure, it is important to understand the biological effects of radiation exposure. Based on this knowledge, biomarkers to monitor potentially exposed populations after a radiological accident can be developed and would be extremely valuable for emergency response. While the traditional radiation exposure biomarkers based on cytogenetic assays serve as standard, the development of rapid and noninvasive tests for radiation exposure is needed. The genomics based knowledge is providing new avenues for investigation. The examination of gene expression after ionizing radiation exposure could serve as a potential molecular marker for biodosimetry. Microarray based studies are identifying new radiation responsive genes that could potentially be used as biomarkers of human exposure to radiation after an accident.

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“…Chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes can be as a sensitive and convenient indicator for evaluating the biological effects of radiation exposure in humans. Chronically exposed individuals such as nuclear facility workers, medical radiologists, residents in high-background radiation areas and residents of the radio-contaminated apartments in Taiwan have been shown to have slightly higher frequencies of chromosome aberrations than non-exposed control individuals (Evans et al 1979, Bauchinger et al 1980, Lloyd et al 1980, Kumagai et al 1990, Hseh et al 2002, but dose and dose-rate effects have not been investigated in the LDR range. Results obtained from epidemiological studies of large human populations are subject to uncertainty because confounding factors such as smoking, food and life style have make it difficult to clarify small biological effects of LDR radiation exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-rate effects and dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor on frequencies of chromosome aberrations in splenic lymphocytes from mice continuously exposed to low-dose-rate gamma-radiation

2013

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Dose-rate effects on chromosome aberrations in the low-dose-rate range have not been evaluated previously. The incidences of chromosome aberrations were analysed in splenic lymphocytes from female specific pathogen-free (SPF) C3H mice that were continuously irradiated with low- or medium-dose-rate (LDR, MDR) (137)Cs γ rays from 56 days of age to evaluate the dose-rate effects. The dose-response relationship for the frequency of dicentric chromosome aberration at each dose rate (400 mGy/22h/day, 20 mGy/22h/day and 1 mGy/22h/day) was obtained using age-adjusted multiple linear regression analysis assuming that the relationship can be represented by a linear or linear quadratic model and a test for the difference between the irradiated group and the non-irradiated group. Values of the linear term, shown as the slope, decreased as the dose rate was reduced from 400 mGy/22h/day (18.2 mGy h(-1)) to 1 mGy/22h/day (0.045 mGy h(-1)), indicating a positive dose-rate effect in the dose-rate region. The incidences of dicentric chromosomes and translocation for LDR (20 mGy day(-1)) were compared with those for HDR (890 mGy min(-1)) irradiation at each total dose to obtain the dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor (DDREF). The DDREFs were 4.5 for dicentrics and 2.3 for translocations at a total dose of 100 mGy based on the chromosome aberration rate. These results will be useful for estimating the risk of LDR radiation exposure and radiation protection.

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Evaluation of the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in a population exposed to prolonged low dose-rate 60 Co γ-irradiation

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Identification of Specific Gene Copy Number Changes in Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer

Identification of Specific Gene Copy Number Changes in Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer

Biomarkers for human radiation exposure

Dose-rate effects and dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor on frequencies of chromosome aberrations in splenic lymphocytes from mice continuously exposed to low-dose-rate gamma-radiation

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