Evaluation of the Glasgow coma scale score in critically Ill infectious disease patients

Baršić, Bruno; Marton, E; Himbele, J; Ravlić, Z

doi:10.1007/bf01743364

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The GCS was determined based on three components: eyes (4 – opens spontaneously, 3 – to verbal command, 2 – to pain, 1 – none), verbal (5 – oriented, 4 – disoriented, 3 – inappropriate words, 2 – incomprehensible sounds, 1 – none), and motor (6 – obeys, 5 – localizes pain, 4 – withdrawal, 3 – abnormal flexion, 2 – abnormal extension, 1 – none) [20]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naloxone therapy in opioid overdose patients: intranasal or intravenous? A randomized clinical trial

Sabzghabaee

Eizadi-Mood

Yaraghi

et al. 2014

aoms

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IntroductionThis study was designed to compare the effects of intranasal (IN) and intravenous (IV) administration of naloxone in patients who had overdosed on opioids.Material and methodsThis randomized clinical trial study was conducted in the Department of Poisoning Emergencies at Noor and Ali Asghar (PBUH) University Hospital. One hundred opioid overdose patients were assigned by random allocation software into two study groups (n = 50). Both groups received 0.4 mg naloxone: one group IN and the other IV. Outcomes included change in the level of consciousness (measured using a descriptive scale and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)), time to response, vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate), arterial blood O2 saturation before and after naloxone administration, side-effects (agitation) and length of hospital stay.ResultsPatients who had been administered IN naloxone demonstrated significantly higher levels of consciousness than those in the IV group using both descriptive and GCS scales (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the heart rate between IN and IV groups (p = 0.003). However, blood pressure, respiratory rate and arterial O2 saturation were not significantly different between the two groups after naloxone administration (p = 0.18, p = 0.17, p = 0.32). There was also no significant difference in the length of hospital stay between the two groups (p = 0.14).ConclusionsIntranasal naloxone is as effective as IV naloxone in reversing both respiratory depression and depressive effects on the central nervous system caused by opioid overdose.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naloxone therapy in opioid overdose patients: intranasal or intravenous? A randomized clinical trial

Sabzghabaee

Eizadi-Mood

Yaraghi

et al. 2014

aoms

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“…The composite GCS, including eye, motor, and verbal components were measured on admission. GCS was determined based on three components: eyes (four = opening spontaneously, three = opening to verbal command, two = opening to pain, and one = no eye opening), verbal (five = oriented, four = disoriented, three = inappropriate words, two = incomprehensible sounds, and one = no verbal response), and motor (six = obeys, five = localizes pain, four = withdrawal, three = abnormal flexion, two = abnormal extension, and one = no motor response) [11]. All other available data including toxic agent, gender, and age were also recorded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glasgow Coma Scale and Its Components on Admission: Are They Valuable Prognostic Tools in Acute Mixed Drug Poisoning?

Mood

Sabzghabaee

Yadegarfar

et al. 2011

Critical Care Research and Practice

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Introduction. The verbal, eye, and motor components of Glasgow coma scale (GCS) may be influenced by poisoned patients' behavior in an attempted suicide. So, the values of admission GCS and its components for outcomes prediction in mixed drugs poisoning were investigated. Materials and Methods. A followup study data was performed on patients with mixed drugs poisoning. Outcomes were recorded as without complications and with complications. Discrimination was evaluated by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). Results. There was a significant difference between the mean value of each component of GCS as well as the total GCS between patients with and without complication. Discrimination was best for GCS (AUC: 0.933 ± 0.020) and verbal (0.932 ± 0.021), followed by motor (0.911 ± 0.025), then eye (0.89 ± 0.028). Conclusions. Admission GCS and its components seem to be valuable in outcome prediction of patients with mixed drug poisoning.

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“…As stated in the previous section, a prognostic tool can be either known or derived. An example of the first case is the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) routinely used in emergency medicine; see, for example, Baršić, Marton, Himbele, and Ravlić (). The GCS measures the severity of coma in patients admitted to intensive care unit and is usually used to predict the 24 or 48 hr in‐hospital risk of death.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the validity of time‐dependent AUC estimation in the presence of cure fraction

2019

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During the last decades, several approaches have been proposed to estimate the timedependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of risk tools derived from survival data. The validity of these estimators relies on some regularity assumptions among which a survival function being proper. In practice, this assumption is not always satisfied because a fraction of the population may not be susceptible to experience the event of interest even for long follow-up. Studying the sensitivity of the proposed estimators to the violation of this assumption is of substantial interest. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a nonparametric simple estimator, developed for classical survival data, in the case when the population exhibits a cure fraction. Motivated from the current practice of deriving risk tools in oncology and cardiovascular disease prevention, we also assess the loss, in terms of predictive performance, when deriving risk tools from survival models that do not acknowledge the presence of cure. The simulation results show that the investigated method is valid even under the presence of cure. They also show that risk tools derived from survival models that ignore the presence of cure have smaller AUC compared to those derived from survival models that acknowledge the presence of cure. This was also attested with a real data analysis from a breast cancer study. K E Y W O R D SCox model, mixture cure models, promotion time models, risk tools, time-dependent AUC 1430

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Evaluation of the Glasgow coma scale score in critically Ill infectious disease patients

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Naloxone therapy in opioid overdose patients: intranasal or intravenous? A randomized clinical trial

Naloxone therapy in opioid overdose patients: intranasal or intravenous? A randomized clinical trial

Glasgow Coma Scale and Its Components on Admission: Are They Valuable Prognostic Tools in Acute Mixed Drug Poisoning?

On the validity of time‐dependent AUC estimation in the presence of cure fraction

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