Evaluation of the impact of natural enemies on <i>Plutella xylostella</i> L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) populations on commercial <i>Brassica</i> farms

Furlong, Michael J.; Shi, Zhanjie; Liu, Shu‐Sheng; Zalucki, Myron P.

doi:10.1111/j.1461-9555.2004.00228.x

Cited by 75 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This is consistent with other studies on insects that report high rates of disappearance attributable to predation and/or migration (Midega et al 2005;Barron et al 2003;Kellogg et al 2003;Furlong et al (2004); Johnson et al 2005). The significantly larger number of larvae recovered from the exclusion treatment (search efficiency was [90%) when compared to the open treatment, may be attributed to reduced predation and possibly reduced larval migration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The impact of exotic parasitoids on populations of a native Hawaiian moth assessed using life table studies

Kaufman

Wright

2008

Oecologia

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The impact of alien species on native organisms is a cause for concern worldwide, with biological invasions commonplace today. Suppression efforts targeting many invasive species have included introductions of biological control agents. The numerous releases of biological control agents in the Hawaiian archipelago have resulted in considerable concern for non-target impacts, due to high levels of non-target parasitism observed to occur in some cases. This study investigated the impact of introduced Hymenoptera parasitoids on a Hawaiian moth. The endemic Hawaiian moth Udea stellata (Butler) has seven alien parasitoids associated with it, two purposely introduced, three adventive, and two of uncertain origin. The objective of this study was to determine the relative contribution of the seven parasitoid species to the population dynamics of U. stellata by constructing partial life tables. Marginal attack rates and associated k-values were calculated to allow comparison of mortality factors between experimental sites. Sentinel larvae were deployed on potted host plants and left in the field for 3-day intervals in open and exclusion treatments. The factors that contributed to total mortality in the open treatment were: disappearance (42.1%), death due to unknown reasons during rearing (16.5%) and parasitism (4.9%). The open treatment incurred significantly higher larval disappearance compared to the exclusion treatment (7.8%), which suggests that in large part disappearance is the result of predation. Adventive parasitoids inflicted greater total larval mortality attributable to parasitism (97.0%) than purposely introduced species (3.0%).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The impact of exotic parasitoids on populations of a native Hawaiian moth assessed using life table studies

Kaufman

Wright

2008

Oecologia

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“…Failure to detect these latter species in 2001 and 2002 was possibly a function of the fact that more studies were performed in 2000 than in subsequent years and that each study in 2000 consisted of 24 cages to which parasitoids had access as opposed to 16 in 2001 and eight in 2002. D. semiclausum has the potential to be a key mortality factor of P. xylostella in this (Furlong et al 2004) and many other regions of the world (Hardy 1938, Ooi and Lim 1989, but its success can be severely compromised by sublethal (Furlong et al 1994) and direct effects of chemical insecticides (Ooi andLim 1989, Haseeb et al 2000). In the current study, the distribution and abundance of the parasitoid was correlated with pest management practice; it was relatively abundant at all IPM sites, recovered in overall lower numbers at Þve of the six intermediate sites but only a few individuals were reared from host insects recovered from two of the conventionally managed sites ( Table 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental Analysis of the Influence of Pest Management Practice on the Efficacy of an Endemic Arthropod Natural Enemy Complex of the Diamondback Moth

Furlong¹,

Shi²,

Liu³

et al. 2004

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Maximizing the contribution of endemic natural enemies to integrated pest management (IPM), programs requires a detailed knowledge of their interactions with the target pest. This experimental field study evaluated the impact of the endemic natural enemy complex of Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) on pest populations in commercial cabbage crops in southeastern Queensland, Australia. Management data were used to score pest management practices at experimental sites on independent Brassica farms practicing a range of pest management strategies, and mechanical methods of natural enemy exclusion were used to assess the impact of natural enemies on introduced cohorts of P. xylostella at each site. Natural enemy impact was greatest at sites adopting IPM and least at sites practicing conventional pest management strategies. At IPM sites, the contribution of natural enemies to P. xylostella mortality permitted the cultivation of marketable crops with no yield loss but with a substantial reduction in insecticide inputs. Three species of larval parasitoids (Diadegma semiclausum Hellén [Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae], Apanteles ippeus Nixon [Hymenoptera: Braconidae], and Oomyzus sokolowskii Kurdjumov [Hymenoptera: Eulophidae]) and one species of pupal parasitoid Diadromus collaris Gravenhorst (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) attacked immature P. xylostella. The most abundant groups of predatory arthropods caught in pitfall traps were Araneae (Lycosidae) > Coleoptera (Carabidae, Coccinelidae, Staphylinidae) > Neuroptera (Chrysopidae) > Formicidae, whereas on crop foliage Araneae (Clubionidae, Oxyopidae) > Coleoptera (Coccinelidae) > Neuroptera (Chrysopidae) were most common. The abundance and diversity of natural enemies was greatest at sites that adopted IPM, correlating greater P. xylostella mortality at these sites. The efficacy of the natural enemy complex to pest mortality under different pest management regimes and appropriate strategies to optimize this important natural resource are discussed.

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“…The number of eggs parasitized by T. chilonis was measured directly by counting the number of parasitized eggs in each egg mass after rearing in the laboratory. Marginal rates of egg disappearance and T. chilonis parasitism were calculated using the methods described by Furlong et al (2004a).…”

Section: Recruitment Of C Pavonana and T Chilonismentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichogramma chilonis Ishii: A potential biological control agent of Crocidolomia pavonana in Samoa

Uelese¹,

Ridland²,

Stouthamer

et al. 2014

Biological Control

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Please cite this article as: Uelese, A., Ridland, P.M., Stouthamer, R., He, Y-r., Ang, G., Zalucki, M.P., Furlong, M.J., Trichogramma chilonis Ishii: a potential biological control agent of Crocidolomia pavonana in Samoa, Biological Control (2014), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.biocontrol.2014.03.011 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. chilonis in Samoa. A three-year field recruitment study showed that although C.pavonana eggs occurred at all times of the year, their abundance was greatest during drier periods. Parasitism of C. pavonana egg masses by T. chilonis was variable (0-87% of egg masses attacked) but the parasitoid was recovered from eggs collected at all times of the year and it is well established in the major Brassica growing regions of the island of Upolu. When partial lifetables were constructed for C. pavonana, the rate of egg disappearance (likely due to predation and the physical effects of rainfall) ranged from 0 to 0.839 and the marginal rate of mortality due to T. chilonis ranged from 0 to 0.474.When it was present, T. chilonis was the major mortality factor affecting C. pavonana eggs in all but one of the recruitment studies. The historical problems surrounding the identity and species status of T. chilonis are discussed and its host range and distribution in the Asia-Pacific region is reviewed briefly. Finally, the potential of this population of T. chilonis for development as a biological control agent of C. pavonana is considered.

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Evaluation of the impact of natural enemies on Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) populations on commercial Brassica farms

Cited by 75 publications

References 27 publications

The impact of exotic parasitoids on populations of a native Hawaiian moth assessed using life table studies

The impact of exotic parasitoids on populations of a native Hawaiian moth assessed using life table studies

Experimental Analysis of the Influence of Pest Management Practice on the Efficacy of an Endemic Arthropod Natural Enemy Complex of the Diamondback Moth

Trichogramma chilonis Ishii: A potential biological control agent of Crocidolomia pavonana in Samoa

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