The impact of exotic parasitoids on populations of a native Hawaiian moth assessed using life table studies

Kaufman, Leyla V.; Wright, Mark G.

doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1226-4

Cited by 21 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…No new larval parasitoid species were recorded during these studies besides the ones already reported in previous studies (Kaufman and Wright 2009b;Kaufman et al 2008), even though sampling was conducted over a larger area than the previous studies. This suggests that the sampling effort was adequate to include all species of parasitoids attacking U. stellata.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The observed differences among study sites may be the result of differences in ecological factors such as elevation, level of disturbance by alien plants, host plant density, density of insect host, and canopy cover. Results presented in previous studies have shown that adventive parasitoids, rather than purposely introduced ones, were responsible for the greater part of U. stellata mortality (Kaufman and Wright 2009b;Kaufman and Wright 2010). At low and low-medium elevations (between 240 and 900 m asl), the parasitoid assemblage was dominated by adventive species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Ecological correlates of the non-indigenous parasitoid assemblage associated with a Hawaiian endemic moth

Kaufman

Wright

2011

Oecologia

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Understanding what ecological factors might predispose indigenous habitats to invasion by invasive species is an important aspect of conservation and invasive species management, particularly when biological control is considered for suppression of the invasive species. This study seeks to identify ecological factors that might play a role in determining the structure of the parasitoid assemblage associated with caterpillars of the endemic Hawaiian moth Udea stellata (Crambidae). Parasitoids were reared from field-collected U. stellata larvae at 18 locations. Fourteen environmental variables were measured at each site. Two multivariate analyses, principal component analysis (PCA) and partial redundancy analysis (RDA), were used to analyze the parasitoid assemblage across a range of habitats varying in environmental characteristics. The PCA analysis showed that the occurrence of some species were highly correlated, and associated with less disturbed sites, whereas other species were associated with sites of medium and high levels of disturbance. The RDA analysis showed that only three of the measured environmental variables (U. stellata density, elevation, and level of habitat disturbance) significantly explained variability in the parasitoid assemblage among sites. There was greater parasitoid species richness associated with U. stellata larvae at higher elevation sites with a lower degree of habitat disturbance by exotic vegetation. The purposely introduced parasitoid species were associated with the non-target moth at sites located at higher elevations with low levels of disturbance. Multivariate analysis has the potential to provide valuable insights into the identification of important environmental factors that mediate parasitoid assemblage structure and level of parasitism on a particular target or non-target species, and therefore facilitate identification of suitable target habitats or susceptible non-target habitats.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Ecological correlates of the non-indigenous parasitoid assemblage associated with a Hawaiian endemic moth

Kaufman

Wright

2011

Oecologia

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“…KAUFMAN & WRIGHT 2009). The relative role of predation in larval lepidopteran life tables is, however, often difficult to ascertain due to the difficulty of monitoring mobile life stages in the field and the uncertainty posed by the complete disappearance of larvae which may have variously either fallen from the plant, wandered away, or been removed by a predator.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shelter building behavior of Pyrrhopyge papius (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) and the use of the Mayfield method for estimating survivorship of shelter-building Lepidopteran larvae

Greeney¹,

Walla²,

Jahner³

et al. 2010

Zoologia (Curitiba, Impr.)

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“…This study based on food web analysis strongly suggested that the many introductions of biological control agents had detrimental effects but more recently, evidence is provided from more detailed studies that introduced biological control agents do not severely harm the native fauna. For instance, Kaufman and Wright (2009) studied the impact of introduced hymenopteran parasitoids on the endemic Hawaiian moth Udea stellata (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) using detailed life-table studies. They found that parasitism accounted for 4.9% of the mortality observed compared with disappearance (predation) which accounted for 42.1% and unknown causes (16.5%).…”

Section: Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and risks of exotic biological control agents

2011

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The use of exotic (=alien) arthropods in classical and augmentative biological control programs has yielded huge economic and ecological benefits. Exotic species of arthropods have contributed to the suppression of key pests in agriculture and forestry or have aided in restoring natural systems affected by adventive species. However, adverse nontarget effects of exotic biological control agents have been observed in a number of projects. Non-target effects range from very small effects, e.g. 2% parasitization on a non-target insect on a local level, to massive effects on a large scale. Until now, no consensus on how to judge the magnitude of nontarget effects and whether these effects can be tolerated or are unacceptable has emerged. In this paper, we briefly review both the benefits of biological control as well as the associated risks including to human and animal health, plant health and particularly the environment. We also make an attempt at identifying the major challenges for assessing risks and for balancing benefits and risks. There is general agreement that sound risk assessment procedures should precede the release of exotic invertebrate biological control agents and a recent shift-especially for arthropod biological controlfrom introductions done without meaningful risk assessment studies to projects conducting thorough host range testing can be observed. However, overly stringent regulations that would preclude promising agents from being developed must be avoided.

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The impact of exotic parasitoids on populations of a native Hawaiian moth assessed using life table studies

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Ecological correlates of the non-indigenous parasitoid assemblage associated with a Hawaiian endemic moth

Ecological correlates of the non-indigenous parasitoid assemblage associated with a Hawaiian endemic moth

Shelter building behavior of Pyrrhopyge papius (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) and the use of the Mayfield method for estimating survivorship of shelter-building Lepidopteran larvae

Benefits and risks of exotic biological control agents

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