Evaluation of the infection process by Lecanicillium fungicola in Agaricus bisporus by scanning electron microscopy

Nunes, José Aírton Rodrigues; Brito, Manuela Rocha de; Zied, Diego Cunha; Leite, Eloísa Aparecida das Graças; Dias, Eustáquio Souza; Alves, Eduardo

doi:10.1016/j.riam.2016.04.006

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Conidia were obclavate, had 3 or more spiral phialides, and were in imbricate chains with short imbricate chains on erected conidiophores ( Figure 3 ). The morphological features of RV26 resembled Simpliciium obclavatum ( Santana et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of a Hyperparasitic Simplicillium obclavatum Strain Affecting the Infection Dynamics of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici on Wheat

et al. 2020

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Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ( Pst ), is one of the most serious threats to wheat production worldwide. Changes of Pst virulence may circumvent resistance in wheat varieties, and application of fungicides may cause environmental problems. Parasites of Pst can be used to develop biological agents for environmentally friendly control of this fungal disease. Here, we report a hyperparasitic fungus isolated from Pst and identified it as Simplicillium obclavatum through molecular and morphological characterizations. We demonstrated that inoculation of Pst -infected wheat leaves with S . obclavatum reduced the production and germination rate of Pst urediniospores. Therefore, S. obclavatum has the potential to be developed into a biological control agent for managing wheat stripe rust.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of a Hyperparasitic Simplicillium obclavatum Strain Affecting the Infection Dynamics of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici on Wheat

et al. 2020

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“…This study evaluated the electron microscopic changes in the lice exposed to permethrin and 6-paradol according to the protocol described by Nunes et al . [ 30 ]. Briefly, the phases of the process are as follows: The lice were pre-fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde at 4°C for 6 h and then fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide for 2 h and rinsed in 0.1-M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro experiments of Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) resistance to permethrin and 6-paradol in East Jakarta: Detoxification enzyme activity and electron microscopic changes in lice

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Pediculus humanus capitis, the human head louse, remains a global health problem. This study evaluated the resistance of head lice to permethrin and 6-paradol mediated by in vitro detoxification enzyme activity experiments and to describe physical changes in the lice using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Methods: The adult stages of P. h. capitis were collected from patients exposed to 1% permethrin and three different concentrations of 6-paradol (0.00005%, 0.0001%, and 0.00015%) using a filter paper diffusion bioassay. Healthy P. h. capitis adults served as the control. The in vitro bioassays were conducted after 10, 20, 30, and 60 min of exposure. The activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and oxidase were analyzed. Physical changes in the lice were analyzed using SEM. Results: Permethrin and 6-paradol exhibited low toxicity against the lice. At 60 min, 1% permethrin had killed 36.7% of the lice present, while 6-paradol had killed 66.7-86.7%. Permethrin induced significantly elevated AChE, GST, and oxidase activity; 6-paradol also caused significantly elevated AChE, GST, and oxidase activity. Permethrin did not cause any ultrastructural morphological changes on the lice, while 6-paradol severely damaged the head, thorax, respiratory spiracles, and abdomen of the dead lice. Conclusion: This in vitro experimental of P. h. capitis is the first study to report P. h. capitis in East Jakarta shows complete resistance to permethrin and 6-paradol, and to describe the associated increase in AChE, GST, and oxidase activity. It was observed that 6-paradol severely damaged the head, thorax, respiratory spiracles, and abdomen of the dead lice.

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“…For observation by SEM, the samples (0.5 cm in length) after being infected for 3 d were processed following the method of Nunes et al [13] with modifications. The samples were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.05 M phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.2) for 8 h at 4 • C, and then washed with deionized water for 7 min.…”

Section: Transformation Of Rfp-tagged Calcarisporium Cordycipiticola and Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With electron microscopy and cytohistological techniques, Zhou found that H. perniciosus infected A. bisporus through the secretion of cell wall degradation enzymes and mechanical pressure from the appressorium [12]. L. fungicola did not produce a specialized structure, however, spores and hyphae of L. fungicola adhered to the surface of the host A. bisporus, and then protruded into the hyphae of the host [13]. Whether C. cordycipiticola can produce the specialized structure during infection, and how it interacted with the host C. militaris are our major concerns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection Process and Genome Assembly Provide Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanism of Destructive Mycoparasite Calcarisporium cordycipiticola with Host Specificity

Liu

et al. 2021

JoF

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Calcarisporium cordycipiticola is the pathogen in the white mildew disease of Cordyceps militaris, one of the popular mushrooms. This disease frequently occurs and there is no effective method for disease prevention and control. In the present study, C. militaris is found to be the only host of C. cordycipiticola, indicating strict host specificity. The infection process was monitored by fluorescent labeling and scanning and transmission electron microscopes. C. cordycipiticola can invade into the gaps among hyphae of the fruiting bodies of the host and fill them gradually. It can degrade the hyphae of the host by both direct contact and noncontact. The parasitism is initially biotrophic, and then necrotrophic as mycoparasitic interaction progresses. The approximate chromosome-level genome assembly of C. cordycipiticola yielded an N50 length of 5.45 Mbp and a total size of 34.51 Mbp, encoding 10,443 proteins. Phylogenomic analysis revealed that C. cordycipiticola is phylogenetically close to its specific host, C. militaris. A comparative genomic analysis showed that the number of CAZymes of C. cordycipiticola was much less than in other mycoparasites, which might be attributed to its host specificity. Secondary metabolite cluster analysis disclosed the great biosynthetic capabilities and potential mycotoxin production capability. This study provides insights into the potential pathogenesis and interaction between mycoparasite and its host.

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Evaluation of the infection process by Lecanicillium fungicola in Agaricus bisporus by scanning electron microscopy

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Identification of a Hyperparasitic Simplicillium obclavatum Strain Affecting the Infection Dynamics of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici on Wheat

Identification of a Hyperparasitic Simplicillium obclavatum Strain Affecting the Infection Dynamics of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici on Wheat

In vitro experiments of Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) resistance to permethrin and 6-paradol in East Jakarta: Detoxification enzyme activity and electron microscopic changes in lice

Infection Process and Genome Assembly Provide Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanism of Destructive Mycoparasite Calcarisporium cordycipiticola with Host Specificity

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