Evaluation of the insecticidal and antifeedant activities of some seaweed extracts against the Egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis, and the lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica

Elbrense, Hanaa; Gheda, saley

doi:10.5455/egysebz.20201218092110

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Marine macroalgae, generally known as seaweed, presented a new tactic in the field of pest control [ 15 ]. Seaweeds are distributed in shallow coastal waters, estuaries, and intertidal and deep-sea regions [ 16 ]. They are typically categorized into three large pigmentation-based groups: Chlorophyta (green algae), Phaeophyta (brown algae), and Rhodophyta (red algae) [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Investigation of Three Cystoseira Species and Their Larvicidal Activity Supported with In Silico Studies

et al. 2023

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Culex pipiens mosquitoes are transmitters of many viruses and are associated with the transmission of many diseases, such as filariasis and avian malaria, that have a high rate of mortality. The current study draws attention to the larvicidal efficacy of three methanolic algal extracts, Cystoseira myrica, C. trinodis, and C. tamariscifolia, against the third larval instar of Cx. pipiens. The UPLC-ESI-MS analysis of three methanol fractions of algal samples led to the tentative characterization of twelve compounds with different percentages among the three samples belonging to phenolics and terpenoids. Probit analysis was used to calculate the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90). The highest level of toxicity was attained after treatment with C. myrica extract using a lethal concentration 50 (LC50) of 105.06 ppm, followed by C. trinodis (135.08 ppm), and the lowest level of toxicity was achieved by C. tamariscifolia (138.71 ppm) after 24 h. The elevation of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and reduction of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) enzymes confirm the larvicidal activity of the three algal extracts. When compared to untreated larvae, all evaluated extracts revealed a significant reduction in protein, lipid, and carbohydrate contents, verifying their larvicidal effectiveness. To further support the observed activity, an in silico study for the identified compounds was carried out on the two tested enzymes. Results showed that the identified compounds and the tested enzymes had excellent binding affinities for each other. Overall, the current work suggests that the three algal extractions are a prospective source for the development of innovative, environmentally friendly larvicides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Investigation of Three Cystoseira Species and Their Larvicidal Activity Supported with In Silico Studies

et al. 2023

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“…The current study is the first to describe the pesticidal activity of several extracts, and their fractions demonstrated insecticidal activity. Similarly, seaweeds also showed insecticidal activity against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisdual) larvae [ 10 ], and the adults of Trogoderma granarium Everts, Callosobruchus analis (Fab. ), Spodoptera litura (Fab.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seaweeds play a variety of metabolic roles, including cell wall formation, marine herbivore defense, and UV protection [ 6 ]. Additionally, seaweeds have shown insecticidal activity against many economically important pests [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. However, this is limited to drifted seaweeds [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal Activity of Tannins from Selected Brown Macroalgae against the Cotton Leafhopper Amrasca devastans

Petchidurai,

Sahayaraj,

Al-Shuraym

et al. 2023

Plants

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Seaweeds, also known as marine macroalgae, are renewable biological resources that are found worldwide and possess a wide variety of secondary metabolites, including tannins. Drifted brown seaweed (DBSW) is particularly rich in tannins and is regarded as biological trash. The cotton leaf hopper Amrasca devastans (Distant) has caused both quantitative and qualitative losses in cotton production. Drifted brown seaweeds (DBSWs) were used in this study to extract, qualitatively profile, and quantify the levels of total tannins, condensed tannins, hydrolyzable tannins, and phlorotannins in the seaweeds; test their insecticidal activity; and determine the mechanism of action. The largest amount of tannin extract was found in Sargassum wightii Greville (20.62%) using the Soxhlet method (SM). Significantly higher amounts of hydrolyzable tannins (p = 0.005), soluble phlorotannins (p = 0.005), total tannins in the SM (p = 0.003), and total tannins in the cold percolation method (p = 0.005) were recorded in S. wightii. However, high levels of condensed tannins (CTAs) were observed in Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh (p = 0.004). A. devastans nymphs and adults were examined for oral toxicity (OT) and contact toxicity (CT) against DBSW tannin crude extract and column chromatographic fractions 1 (Rf = 0.86) and 2 (Rf = 0.88). Stoechospermum polypodioides (J.V. Lamouroux) J. Agardh crude tannin was highly effective against A. devastans using the OT method (LC50, 0.044%) when compared with the standard gallic acid (LC50, 0.044%) and tannic acid (LC50, 0.122%). Similarly, S. wightii fraction 2 (LC50, 0.007%) showed a greater insecticidal effect against A. devastans adults in OT than gallic acid (LC50, 0.034%) and tannic acid (LC50, 0.022%). The mechanism of action results show that A. devastans adults treated with crude tannin of T. ornata had significantly decreased amylase, protease (p = 0.005), and invertase (p = 0.003) levels when compared with the detoxification enzymes. The levels of glycosidase, lactate dehydrogenase, esterase, lipase, invertase, and acid phosphate activities (p = 0.005) of S. wightii were reduced when compared with those of the Vijayneem and chemical pesticide Monocrotophos. In adult insects treated with LC50 concentrations of S. wightii tannin fraction 1, the total body protein (9.00 µg/µL) was significantly reduced (OT, LC50—0.019%). The SDS-PAGE analysis results also show that S. wightii tannin fraction 1 (OT and CT), fraction 2 (OT), and S. polypodioides fraction 2 (CT) had a significant effect on the total body portion level, appearance, and disappearance of some proteins and polypeptides. This study shows that the selected brown macroalgae can be utilized for the safer management of cotton leaf hoppers.

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Efficacy of Two Natural Materials Against Some Invertebrate Pests as a Safe Alternative to Pesticides and Their Bio-Safeties on Mammalian

Mohamed

Qari

Elbath

et al. 2022

j biobased mat bioenergy

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The continuous use of pesticides can cause many serious problems in the environmental system. So, it is very necessary to go back to nature again and look for safe alternatives to chemical pesticides. During this research, we evaluated the toxicity of two types of natural substances (wood vinegar and seaweed extract) against three types of zoological pests, two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) and two land snails (Monacha cartusiana and Eobania vermiculata). Results indicated that wood vinegar and seaweed extract had negative effects on eggs, immature stages and adults of T. urticae. Their mortalities were significantly increased with increasing of the applied dose of wood vinegar and seaweed extract. The highest mortalities of eggs, immature stages and adults of T. urticae were 82.9, 71.8 and 98.4% and were 75.3, 62.9 and 83.9% after 72 h from the application of wood vinegar and seaweed extract, respectively. Data showed also a positive relationship between the mortality percentages of snails and the concentration. The highest mortality rates for M. cartusiana and E. vermiculata (73.91 and 60.87%) and (91.67 and 83.33%) were recorded due to the use of wood vinegar and seaweed extract at the concentration of 25% individually. The values of LC50 and LC90 were calculated and the results confirmed that the seaweed extract was more toxic for the tested land snails than wood vinegar. The higher values of LC50 of wood vinegar and seaweed extract (21.67% and 11.87%) were selected for the biosafety tests in mammals by using Rattus norvegicus albinus males. It was clear that both wood vinegar and seaweed extract had no harmful effects on mammals according to the non-significant differences in liver and kidney functions (ALP, AST, ALT, Creatinine and urea in the blood samples) between treated and untreated rats.

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Evaluation of the insecticidal and antifeedant activities of some seaweed extracts against the Egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis, and the lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Phytochemical Investigation of Three Cystoseira Species and Their Larvicidal Activity Supported with In Silico Studies

Phytochemical Investigation of Three Cystoseira Species and Their Larvicidal Activity Supported with In Silico Studies

Insecticidal Activity of Tannins from Selected Brown Macroalgae against the Cotton Leafhopper Amrasca devastans

Efficacy of Two Natural Materials Against Some Invertebrate Pests as a Safe Alternative to Pesticides and Their Bio-Safeties on Mammalian

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