Evaluation of the Post-Training Hypotensor Effect in Paralympic and Conventional Powerlifting

Aidar, Felipe J.; Paz, Ãngelo de Almeida; Matos, Dihogo Gama de; Souza, Raphael Fabrício de; Souza, Lúcio Marques Vieira; Santos, Joedson; Almeida-Neto, Paulo Francisco de; Marçal, Anderson Carlos; Neves, Eduardo Borba; Moreira, Osvaldo Costa; Garrido, Nuno; Cabral, Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco; Clemente, Filipe Manuel; Reis, Víctor Machado; Nikolaidis, Pantelis Theodoros; Knechtle, Beat

doi:10.3390/jfmk6040092

Cited by 6 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Thus, it appears that the consumption of ibuprofen tends to attenuate anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 increases but would not alter leukocyte subset concentrations [ 59 ]. Perhaps an explanation for this is that Paralympic athletes have a greater amount of body musculature involved in strength training, such as the bench press, as mentioned in another study regarding hemodynamic variation in conventional and Paralympic powerlifting athletes, which would explain part of the findings in our study [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels

et al. 2022

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Background: Paralympic powerlifting (PP) training is typically intense and causes fatigue and alterations in the immune system. Objective: To analyze whether IBU would affect performance and the immune system after training in PP. Methodology: 10 athletes at the national level (NL) and 10 at the regional level (RL) participated in the study, where force and blood indicators were evaluated after training. The study took place over three weeks: (1) familiarization and (2 and 3) comparison between recovery methods, with ibuprofen or placebo (IBU vs. PLA), 800 mg. In the evaluation of the force, the peak torque (PT), fatigue index (FI), and blood immune system biomarkers were analyzed. The training consisted of five sets of five repetitions with 80% of one maximum repetition (5 × 5, 80% 1RM) on the bench press. Results: The PT at the national level using IBU was higher than with PLA (p = 0.007, η2p = 0.347), and the FI in the NL was lower with IBU than with PLA (p = 0.002, η2p = 0.635), and when comparing the use of IBU, the NL showed less fatigue than the regional level (p = 0.004, η2p = 0.414). Leukocytes, with the use of IBU in the NL group, were greater than in the RL (p = 0.001, η2p = 0.329). Neutrophils, in the NL with IBU, were greater than in the RL with IBU and PLA (p = 0.025, η2p = 0.444). Lymphocytes, in NL with IBU were lower than in RL with IBU and PLA (p = 0.001, η2p = 0.491). Monocytes, in the NL with IBU and PLA, were lower than in the RL with IBU (p = 0.049, η2p = 0.344). For hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte, the NL with IBU and PLA were higher than the RL with IBU and PLA (p < 0.05). Ammonia, with the use of IBU in the NL, obtained values higher than in the RL (p = 0.007), and with the use of PLA, the NL was higher than the RL (p = 0.038, η2p = 0.570). Conclusion: The training level tends to influence the immune system and, combined with the use of the IBU, it tends to improve recovery and the immune system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels

et al. 2022

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“…Seven studies [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] were excluded with reason ( n = 2, not reporting sufficient details; n = 5, not disaggregating data according to para-sports discipline). Finally, 37 studies [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ] were retained in the present scoping review. We found that the included studies focused on a range of aspects involving health, classification, the etiology of injuries, and performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies [ 30 , 31 ] investigated the physiological responses in PP. Paz et al [ 30 ] conducted a randomized cross-over trial to explore post-exercise hypotension after two high-intensity resistance-training sessions in a sample of ten national-level PP athletes (aged 26.1 ± 6.9 years; body weight 76.8 ± 17.4 kg).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aidar et al [ 31 ] compared hemodynamic responses (systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure, heart rate, heart pressure product, and myocardial oxygen volume) in PP vs. powerlifting before and after training and up to 60 min after training in a sample of 20 athletes. The systolic blood pressure increased after training ( p < 0.001), and there were differences in the post-training and 30, 40, and 60 min later ( p = 0.021), between 10 and 40 min after training ( p = 0.031), and between the two samples ( p = 0.028), with PP having a stronger and more persistent hypotensive effect, which remained present even after 50 min.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heart pressure product and myocardial oxygen volume showed differences between before and after ( p = 0.006) and between after and 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min later ( p < 0.001). Overall, no risk of hemodynamic overload could be found in PP athletes as well as in their able-bodied counterparts, who exhibited clinically comparable responses to high-intensity resistance training [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Bibliometrics-Enhanced, PAGER-Compliant Scoping Review of the Literature on Paralympic Powerlifting: Insights for Practices and Future Research

et al. 2022

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Paralympic powerlifting (PP), formerly known as “International Paralympic Committee” (IPC) powerlifting, is the format of powerlifting adapted for athletes with disabilities, and it differs from the version for able-bodied athletes in that it consists of bench press only. According to the mandate of the IPC, PP athletes should be enabled to achieve sporting excellence. As such, rigorous evidence is needed. However, to the best of our knowledge, there exists no systematic assessment of the body of scholarly evidence in the field of PP. Therefore, the present study was conducted to fill in this gap of knowledge, by conducting a scoping review of the literature enhanced by a bibliometrics analysis and by mining two major scholarly databases (MEDLINE via PubMed and Scopus). The aim was to provide a review/summary of the findings to date to help practitioners and athletes. Thirty-seven studies were retained in the present study. These covered the following thematic areas: (i) warm-up strategies (n = 2); (ii) aspects of training (n = 2); (iii) physiological aspects and responses (n = 2); (iv) psychological aspects and responses (n = 2); (v) biomechanics of bench press (n = 8); (vi) recovery strategy (n = 5); (vii) impact of the disability and type of disability (n = 4); (viii) epidemiology of PP (n = 6); and (ix) new analytical/statistical approaches for kinematics assessments, internal load monitoring, and predictions of mechanical outputs in strength exercises and in PP (n = 6). Bibliometrics analysis of the PP-related scientific output revealed that, despite having already become a paralympic sports discipline in 1984, only in the last few years, PP has been attracting a lot of interest from the community of researchers, with the first scholarly contribution dating back to 2012, and with more than one-third of the scientific output being published this year (2022). As such, this scholarly discipline is quite recent and young. Moreover, the community dealing with this topic is poorly interconnected, with most authors contributing to just one article, and with one single author being a hub node of the author network. Distributions of the number of articles and the authors/co-authors were found to be highly asymmetrical, indicating that this research is still in its infancy and has great room as well as great potential to grow. Reflecting this, many research topics are also overlooked and underdeveloped, with the currently available evidence being based on a few studies.

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Does Caffeine Supplementation Associated with Paralympic Powerlifting Training Interfere with Hemodynamic Indicators?

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Aidar

Bădicu

et al. 2022

Biology

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Exercise, including resistance exercise with high loads, has positive hemodynamic responses such as reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), Pressure Product Rate (PPR), and estimated myocardial oxygen volume (MVO2). Caffeine (CA), used to improve performance, tends to interfere with BP and HR. This study aimed to analyze the effects of CA supplementation on hemodynamic indicators in Paralympic weightlifting (PP). The exercise was performed on 14 male athletes (32.4 ± 8.5 years; 81.7 ± 21.9 kg) for three weeks. Two conditions were evaluated: supplementation with CA Anhydrous 9mg/kg and with placebo (PL). The adapted bench press was used, with 5 × 5 at 80% 1RM. We evaluated BP, HR, PPR, and MVO2, before, after, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min, and 24 h later. The CA presented higher absolute values in the pressure indicators than the PL, and after 24 hours there was an inversion. The HR was higher in the CA and showed a reduction after 10 min. The PPR and MVO2 in the CA presented absolute values greater than the PL, and 24 h later there was an inversion. There was no hypotensive effect, but the use of CA did not present risks related to PPR and MVO2, demonstrating the safe use of this supplement in adapted strength sports.

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Evaluation of the Post-Training Hypotensor Effect in Paralympic and Conventional Powerlifting

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels

Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels

A Bibliometrics-Enhanced, PAGER-Compliant Scoping Review of the Literature on Paralympic Powerlifting: Insights for Practices and Future Research

Does Caffeine Supplementation Associated with Paralympic Powerlifting Training Interfere with Hemodynamic Indicators?

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