Evaluation of the psychometric properties and clinical applications of the Timed Up and Go test in Parkinson disease: a systematic review

Mollinedo, Irimia; Cancela, José M.

doi:10.12965/jer.2040532.266

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…With respect to the impact of assessment methods on the outcome of interventions, most of the included studies used the TUG as the main outcome parameter, while others reported spatiotemporal parameters of gait. A systematic review by Mollinedo et al [ 84 ] has shown good reliability and validity of TUG in PD [ 84 ] and also a high sensitivity of this test for monitoring medication-dependent effects [ 85 ]. Measurements of the spatiotemporal parameters of gait and balance can provide useful information on subtle effects that might not be identified by the TUG or other bed-side clinical tools.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

Pol

Salehinejad

Baharlouei

et al. 2021

Transl Neurodegener

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Background Gait problems are an important symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulatory intervention that can modulate cortical excitability of the gait-related regions. Despite an increasing number of gait-related tDCS studies in PD, the efficacy of this technique for improving gait has not been systematically investigated yet. Here, we aimed to systematically explore the effects of tDCS on gait in PD, based on available experimental studies. Methods Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PEDro databases were searched for randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of tDCS on gait in patients with PD. Results Eighteen studies were included in this systematic review. Overall, tDCS targeting the motor cortex and supplementary motor area bilaterally seems to be promising for gait rehabilitation in PD. Studies of tDCS targeting the dorosolateral prefrontal cortex or cerebellum showed more heterogeneous results. More studies are needed to systematically compare the efficacy of different tDCS protocols, including protocols applying tDCS alone and/or in combination with conventional gait rehabilitation treatment in PD. Conclusions tDCS is a promising intervention approach to improving gait in PD. Anodal tDCS over the motor areas has shown a positive effect on gait, but stimulation of other areas is less promising. However, the heterogeneities of methods and results have made it difficult to draw firm conclusions. Therefore, systematic explorations of tDCS protocols are required to optimize the efficacy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

Pol

Salehinejad

Baharlouei

et al. 2021

Transl Neurodegener

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“…Personal information, including age, sex, height, weight, static and dynamic balance measured by the One-Leg-Stance (OLS) ( Jacobs et al, 2006 ) and Timed Up and Go tests (TUG) ( Mollinedo and Ma Cancela, 2020 ) respectively, as well as balance confidence quantified by the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) ( Mak and Pang, 2009 ), were recorded for all participants. Participants with PD were tested during their ‘ON’ medication state.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical activation and functional connectivity during locomotion tasks in Parkinson’s disease with freezing of gait

Feng

Jiang²,

Lin³

et al. 2023

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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BackgroundFreezing of gait (FoG) is a severely disabling symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The cortical mechanisms underlying FoG during locomotion tasks have rarely been investigated.ObjectivesWe aimed to compare the cerebral haemodynamic response during FoG-prone locomotion tasks in patients with PD and FoG (PD-FoG), patients with PD but without FoG (PD-nFoG), and healthy controls (HCs).MethodsTwelve PD-FoG patients, 10 PD-nFoG patients, and 12 HCs were included in the study. Locomotion tasks included normal stepping, normal turning and fast turning ranked as three difficulty levels based on kinematic requirements and probability of provoking FoG. During each task, we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to capture concentration changes of oxygenated haemoglobin (ΔHBO2) and deoxygenated haemoglobin (ΔHHB) that reflected cortical activation, and recorded task performance time. The cortical regions of interest (ROIs) were prefrontal cortex (PFC), supplementary motor area (SMA), premotor cortex (PMC), and sensorimotor cortex (SMC). Intra-cortical functional connectivity during each task was estimated based on correlation of ΔHBO2 between ROIs. Two-way multivariate ANOVA with task performance time as a covariate was conducted to investigate task and group effects on cerebral haemodynamic responses of ROIs. Z statistics of z-scored connectivity between ROIs were used to determine task and group effects on functional connectivity.ResultsPD-FoG patients spent a nearly significant longer time completing locomotion tasks than PD-nFoG patients. Compared with PD-nFoG patients, they showed weaker activation (less ΔHBO2) in the PFC and PMC. Compared with HCs, they had comparable ΔHBO2 in all ROIs but more negative ΔHHB in the SMC, whereas PD-nFoG showed SMA and PMC hyperactivity but more negative ΔHHB in the SMC. With increased task difficulty, ΔHBO2 increased in each ROI except in the PFC. Regarding functional connectivity during normal stepping, PD-FoG patients showed positive and strong PFC-PMC connectivity, in contrast to the negative PFC-PMC connectivity observed in HCs. They also had greater PFC-SMC connectivity than the other groups. However, they exhibited decreased SMA-SMC connectivity when task difficulty increased and had lower SMA-PMC connectivity than HCs during fast turning.ConclusionInsufficient compensatory cortical activation and depletion of functional connectivity during complex locomotion in PD-FoG patients could be potential mechanisms underlying FoG.Clinical trial registrationChinese clinical trial registry (URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn, registration number: ChiCTR2100042813).

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“…A modified version adopted by various authors, in which subjects are asked to walk as fast as they can, was included in this study [43]. The use of the TUG in PD patients has good reliability and validity [44].…”

Section: • Physical and Gait Clinical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of Sociodemographics and Clinical Tests in Single- and Dual-Task Conditions as Gait Speed Predictors of Parkinson’s Disease

Valenzuela

Dueñas

Tomás

et al. 2022

JCM

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This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the patient characteristics and clinical test results that predict the functional gait speed of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The impact of dual tasks on gait in Parkinson’s disease (PD) reveals a lack of automaticity and increased cognitive demands. We explored which characteristics explained walking speed with and without dual-task interference and if they reflected the cognitive demands of the task. The preferred gait speed, stride length, and cadence were measured in individuals with PD through five conditions: single-task (ST) and visual, verbal, auditory, and motor dual-tasks (DTs). Sociodemographic and disease characteristics and the results from clinical tests such as the Dynamic Parkinson’s Disease Gait Scale (DYPAGS), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39), among others, were also recorded. Two models of multiple regression analysis were used to explore the predictive value of outcomes concerning speed. In Model I, clinical results were included, and in Model II, spatiotemporal variables were added to the significant predictors of Model I. Forty PD patients (aged 66.72 (7.5) years) completed the assessments. All the models generated were significant (p < 0.01). Models I and II accounted for 47% and 93% of the variance, respectively, in the single-task condition. A patient’s gender, prescribed medication (drugs), academic level, and Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage, along with the FAB, DYPAGS, and PDQ-39 scores, were significant predictors of gait speed in Model I for the ST and DT conditions. In Model II, the H&Y stage and prescribed medication (drugs), along with the FAB and DYPAGS scores, remained significant predictors. This research found that sociodemographics, the patient’s stage disease, and their clinical test results contribute to their walking speed, highlighting the multifactorial nature of gait in demanding environments.

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Evaluation of the psychometric properties and clinical applications of the Timed Up and Go test in Parkinson disease: a systematic review

Cited by 26 publications

References 43 publications

The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

Cortical activation and functional connectivity during locomotion tasks in Parkinson’s disease with freezing of gait

Relevance of Sociodemographics and Clinical Tests in Single- and Dual-Task Conditions as Gait Speed Predictors of Parkinson’s Disease

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